Establishing on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Some Economically Important Fish Species Captured from Kastamonu Costal

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 84 - 90, 30.12.2016

Adem Yavuz Sönmez , Ali Eslem Kadak , Rahmi Can Özdemir , Soner Bilen

Öz

This study
aimed at examining heavy metal accumulation in haddock (Merlangius euxmus), bony fish (Sarda
sarda), mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)
and red mullet (Mullus barbatus)
captured between İnebolu and Cide harbor region.

Fish
samples were collected during 2014 to 2015 covering a whole year. From each
different fish samples, including at least 25-30 for each species were
collected using appropriate crafts and gears, and transferred to the laboratory
on the same day in cold chain. Two gill spines, whole liver and 5 g muscle
tissues taken from each fish species.

Heavy metal
analysis results showed that iron content in the tissue of all species was
higher compared to other metals. The lowest average was 23.23 mg kg^-1
in bony fish muscle and the highest level was 48.89 mg kg ^-1 in red
mullet muscle. The lowest and the highest average values ranged between
189.65-267.45 mg kg^-1. Cadmium content was measured as the lowest in
mackerel muscle (0.16 mg kg^-1) and the highest in bony fish muscle
(0.28 mg kg^-1). Gills and liver contained higher cadmium
accumulation compared to muscle tissue. Although, lead content was between 5.48
mg kg^-1 and 7.21 mg kg^-1 in muscle tissue, its higher
level in gills and liver was between 8.87-12.26 mg kg ^-1. While the
lowest nickel content was 2.21 mg kg^-1 in the muscle, cupper value
in the muscle ranged between 2.35-4.52 mg kg^-1.

In this
context, iron, copper, nickel and zinc levels were found to be within
acceptable limits in regard to Turkish Food Codex, European Union Directives
and World Health Organization, although cadmium and lead contents were higher.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnebolu, Cide, Port, heavy metal, fish

Kastamonu Kıyılarından Yakalanan Bazı Ekonomik Balık Türlerinde Ağır Metal Birikiminin Tespiti

Öz

Bu çalışma İnebolu ve Cide
Limanları arasında kalan bölgeden yakalanan Mezgit (Merlangius euxmus), Palamut (Sarda
sarda), İstavrit (Trachurus trachurus)
ve Barbun (Mullus barbatus)
balıklarında ağır metal birikiminin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Örnekleme; 2014 Eylül ayında
başlayıp Nisan 2015’e kadar devam etmiştir. Her bir türden 25-30 adet arasında
olmak üzere balık örnekleri uygun av araçlarıyla toplanarak laboratuvara
taşınmıştır. Her balıktan iki solungaç dikeni, ciğerin tümü ve 5gr’lık kas
dokusu alınmıştır.

Ağır metal analiz sonuçları;
demir verileri tüm dokularda ve bütün türlerde diğer metallere göre yüksek
olduğu izlenmiştir. En düşük ortalama palamut kasında 23,23 mg kg^-1
olarak ölçülürken kastaki en yüksek ortalama 48,89 mg kg^-1 ile
Barbun kasında ölçülmüştür. Karaciğer ve solungaç dokularında ise en düşük ve
en yüksek ortalamalar 189,65-267,45 mg kg^-1 arasında belirlenmiştir.
Kadmiyum en düşük ortalama İstavrit kasında 0,16 mg kg^-1 olarak
belirlenirken en yüksek ortalama Palamut kasında 0,28 mg kg^-1 olarak
ölçülmüştür. Solungaç ve karaciğer dokularında birikim kas dokularına göre daha
fazla tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen kurşun verileri kas dokularında ortalama
5,48 mg kg^-1 ile 7,21 mg kg^-1 arasında değişirken
solungaç ve karaciğer dokularında diğer metallere benzer şekilde yüksek olarak
8,87-12,26 mg kg^-1arasında değişmiştir. Çinko verileri avlanan balık
türlerinin kasında 5,45-9,89 mg kg^-1 ortalamaları arasında
değişirken, karaciğerde 12,56-14,45 mg kg^-1, solungaçta ise 9,92-12,45
mg kg^-1 arasında izlenmiştir. Nikel için kaslardaki en düşük
ortalama 2,21 mg kg^-1 olarak belirlenirken, bakır ortalamaları
kaslarda 2,35-4,52 mg kg^-1 arasında izlenmiştir.

Sonuç olarak demir, bakır,
nikel, çinko verileri Türk gıda kodeksi, Avrupa birliği direktifleri ve dünya
sağlık örgütü standartları çerçevesinde kabul edilebilir limitler içerisinde
belirlenirken kadmiyum ve kurşun bu limitlerin üzerinde tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnebolu, Cide, ağır metal, Mezgit, Palamut, İstavrit, Barbun

Kaynakça

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