Halal Certification and Its Application in Malaysia

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 13, 143 - 165, 30.12.2019

Adem Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.18498/amailad.605810

Cited By: 2

Öz

The world starts to realize about need for Muslims dietary
requirement and eating known as halal.  It is seen that the countries of which have
high Muslim population such as Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Turkey, Brunei and
Malaysia on the other hand, non-Muslim countries for example Thailand,
Singapore and the United Kingdom, have different approaches on the practices of
Halal.

Today from east to west, halal industry has big part for food manufacturing and getting global
stage in business world. Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Turkey, Malaysia,
Brunei just some of the examples that having full concerned about halal food by
government. Malaysia, among these counties has increasing its economy
and it opens new opportunities to have market in halal industry as well and
today Malaysia volunteer to improve the halal industry for others and become
halal hub for the world. Since
halal logo and certification has big market capacity there is so many works
about halal food and certification.

The
recent Malaysian Standard, MS 1500 mentions about halal food management, the
practical strategies for the food industry, its preparation, the business of
halal food and the obligations for halal standards and food trades. For halal
certification Malaysia practice with the association of MS – standards 1480,
food safety according to hazard analysis and critical control point system and
MS 1514 which is about good manufacturing practice these two important
standards’ content safeties the good and clean product for believers.

The
3th section of 1975 trade Description in Malaysia is defining of halal based on
the Islamic rules and law. 

· It does not contain
anything or small part of any animal that is prohibited by Muslim law or it is
prohibited in accordance with the law specified in Islam, it is forbidden by Islamic law to eat or
that has not been slaughtered in agreement with Islamic law.

·  Does not contain anything which is
considered to be not clean according to Islamic law.

·  Is not prepared, processed or manufactured
using any instrument that is not free from anything not clean base on the
Islamic law.

· Has not in the course of preparation,
processing or storage been in contact or close to any food that fails to
satisfy Islamic rules or anything that is considered to be unclean according to
Islamic law.

On the other hand, despite of some rules and regulation on halal food, Malaysian
consumers still struggling to understand and apply act and it is clear that it
still does not affect their choice while they are consuming or buying products.
There are several technologies
that have been found and recognised in previous studies; those studies aim to
find ways to detect non halal materials in products that are to be certified
halal. For that research chemists check for porcine DNA or an unacceptable
level of alcohol, for example. Also try to find alternatives to forbidden
ingredients such as gelatine made from fish skin instead of from pigs and
researches are very important for hall industry. There is some research working
on making sure to processes used to make drugs are halal. To make vaccines and
other proteins, you need to culture cells in a bioreactor.

It
can be said that the understanding of the halal concept is not enough clear.
Muslims are giving high priority and care to halal food industry and they are
more sensitive as it is regarded as an important and obligatory in their
religion. Malaysia is one of the leading countries for the halal
standardization, but still there are many issues and complexity about halal
standards, certification, logo etc. Most of those problems are related with
sensitivity of halal amongst Muslim community.

Malaysia is doing its best to establish and promote
the halal industries to Muslim and non-Muslim countries. It is one of the good
examples for multi-race and multi-religion countries and pioneer with
practicing halal standards when we look at the halal management HDC that takes
authority from JAKIM. Laws and standards on halal food, halal certification
process and application will be smoother and will protect the consumers. It
will decrease the violation and misuse of halal concept, Malaysian halal laws
and principles on this matter are considered as the strictest as per now
regardless the shortcomings in implementing these standards.

Issues such as the functioning of halal food
certification studies in Malaysia, a success story on halal to other countries,
financial and formal procedure processes of halal food studies are very
important and will be an example of studies in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic Law, Halal, Halal Standards, Halal Certification, Malaysia.

Malezya’da Helâl Gıda Sertifikasyonu ve Uygulaması

Öz

Müslüman
ülkelerdeki helâl sertifika hizmetleri, siyasi, ekonomik, sosya-kültürel ve
toplumsal uyum açısından farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu durum Malezya gibi çok
uluslu ülkelere (MNC) bu alanda çok zorlu bir görev yüklemektedir. Genellikle
Müslüman ülkelere yönelik bir uygulama olan helâl sertifika işlemleri söz
konusu ülkelerin büyüme oranına göre de şekillenmektedir. Müslümanlar dünya
nüfusunun neredeyse %20'sini temsil etmektedir. Dahası, bu rakamın 2025 yılına
kadar %30'a çıkması beklenmektedir. İslam'da en önemli kavramlardan biri helâl
kavramıdır. Helâl, kesim, depolama, sergileme, hazırlama, hijyen, temizlik ve
yiyeceklerin yanı sıra gıda dışı ürünler kategorisini de kapsamaktadır.
Ticaretin küreselleşmesinin hızı, bilim ve teknolojideki gelişme ve üretim
süreçlerini basitleştirmek için devam eden girişimler göz önüne alındığında,
helâl kavramının diğer ülkeler tarafından da tam olarak anlaşılması önem arz
etmektedir. Bugün birçok ülke Malezya'nın helâl sertifika politikasını ve
prosedürünü kendine örnek almakta ve bu prosedürü uygulamaktadır. Malezya helâl
sertifikasyon politikası ve prosedüründe, helâl ürün ve hizmetler sağlamada ana
oyuncu olma işlevini devam ettirmektedir. Bu araştırma bir çok konferans, sempozyum, fuar ve diğer akademik
çalışmalardan yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada neden Malezya’nın model ülke olarak kendini ilan ettiği ve helâl
gıda problemlerinin Malezya’daki hukuki süreçleri ele alınmakta, ayrıca
dünyadaki helâl ürün ve hizmetlerde kendini örnek ve sorumlu ülke olarak
konumlandıran Malezya'nın helâl sertifika standardı ve prosedürü dini,
ekonomik, sağlık ve lojistik açılardan incelenmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslam Hukuku, Helâl, Helâl Standartları, Helâl Sertifika, Malezya

Kaynakça

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