Zika Virus Outbreaks and Its Relation to Fetal Abnormalities in Pregnancy

Abstract

This review evaluates current knowledge relating to Zika virus (ZV) infection, disease outbreaks which particularly began at the end of 2015 and ZV related congenital anomalies, and prevention methods of the disease as well. ZV was first described in Uganda in 1947. Although several local outbreaks occurred, it was out of the knowledge until 2015. The increased incidence of microcephaly cases in regions of disease outbreaks in Brazil let people focus on the relationship between infection and neurological abnormalities. In the same region, the detection of virus RNA by using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) in blood and amniotic fluid of a woman who gave a birth to a baby with microcephaly and neurological abnormalities has attracted the attention of the world. Local and global health organizations release disease-prevention strategies in succession for pregnant women and the women who plan to conceive. In this review, we aimed to search the literature regarding this disease in our country and other regions of the world and we wanted to create awareness about the prevention strategies of ZV infections. 

Keywords

• Zika virus,pregnancy,microcephaly

Zika Virüs Salgınları ve Virüsün Gebelikte Fetal Anomalilerle İlişkisi

Öz

Bu derleme, özellikle 2015 yılının son aylarından itibaren salgın yapan ve konjenital anomalilerle ilişkilendirilen Zika virüs (ZV) enfeksiyonu ve korunma yollarını değerlendirmektedir. ZV, ilk kez 1947’de Uganda’da tanımlanmıştır. Birkaç lokal salgın yapsa da, 2015 yılına kadar adından çok söz edilmemiştir. Brezilya’da ZV salgını olan bölgelerde artan mikrosefali olgu sayısı, enfeksiyon ile nörolojik anomalilerin ilişkisine dikkatleri yönlendirmiştir. Aynı bölgede mikrosefali ve başka nörolojik anomalili doğum yapan annelerin serum ve amniyon sıvılarında Revers Transkripsiyon Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyon (RT-PCR) testleri ile ZV RNA’sının tespit edilmesi, dünyanın dikkatini bu yöne çekmiştir. Yerel ve global sağlık örgütleri ard arda gebe ve gebelik planlayan kadınlarla ilgili bazı önlem ve önleme stratejileri yayınlamaktadırlar. Biz de derlememizde ülkemiz ve dünyanın diğer ülkelerinde bu hastalık hakkındaki literatür bilgisini araştırmak ve ZV enfeksiyonlarını önleme stratejileri hakkında farkındalık oluşturmak istedik.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Zika virüs,gebelik,mikrosefali

Kaynakça

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