Oral Mucosal White Lesions

Yıl 2019, , 670 - 683, 30.09.2019

Arife Kaptan , Elif Tekin

https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.624695

Öz

Oral
mucosal lesions are common pathologies in dentistry, otolaryngology and
dermatology outpatient clinics. Oral mucosal lesions could either be
infectious, autoimmune, premalignant or malignant, or ocur secondarily in the
form of oral involvement of a systemic disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and
treatment of oral mucosal lesions are important. The white lesions of the oral
mucosa may be smooth- surfaced and may appear in the form of focal, multiple or
diffuse foci, located at the same level with the solid mucosa. In addition, they
may be located slightly raised, hairy, folded, or of lace appearance. These
lesions may become fissured, ulcerative, erosive or inflammatory lesions in the
future.

With detailed patient examination and anamnesis, most of the oral mucosal white
lesions can be diagnosed and the necessary treatment can be applied. Clinical
findings provide important clues about the origin and diagnosis of the lesion.
Early diagnosis and appropriate approaches of oral lesions will yield positive
results in the prognosis of diseases and the quality of patients’ lives.
Therefore, the findings of oral lesions, oral findings of systemic diseases,
malignancy potential of lesions should be evaluated. The aim of this review is
to examine the oral mucosal white lesions in detail, to evaluate the current
approaches and increase the awareness of the dentists and pediatric dentists.

Anahtar Kelimeler

White lesions, oral mucosa, candidiasis, lichen planus

Oral Mukozal Beyaz Lezyonlar

Öz

Diş hekimliği, kulak burun boğaz ve
dermatoloji polikliniklerinde sıklıkla karşılaşılan patolojiler arasında yer
alan oral mukozal lezyonlar; enfeksiyöz, otoimmün, premalign ya da malign
lezyonların habercisi olabilecekleri gibi sekonder olarak sistemik hastalığın
oral tutulumu şeklinde de ortaya çıkabilirler. Bu nedenle oral mukozal
lezyonların erken tanısı ve tedavisi önemlidir. Oral mukozanın beyaz lezyonları
klinikte fokal, çoklu veya yaygın odaklar halinde, sağlam mukozayla aynı
seviyede, yüzeyi düzgün olabildiği gibi dantel görünümünde, normal seviyeden
hafifçe kabarık, üzeri tüylü, katlanmış lezyonlar olarak karşımıza çıkabilir.
Bu lezyonlar ileride fissürlü, ülseratif, eroziv veya enflamatuar lezyonlar haline
dönüşebilirler.

Detaylı hasta muayenesi ve anamneziyle oral mukozal beyaz lezyonların çoğunda
tanıya kolaylıkla ulaşılabilmekte ve gerekli tedavi uygulanabilmektedir. Bu
nedenle ağız lezyonlarının bulguları, sistemik hastalıkların ağız bulguları,
lezyonların malignite potansiyeli değerlendirilerek hastalara yaklaşılmalıdır.
Klinik bulgular lezyonun kökeni ve tanısı konusunda önemli ipuçları
vermektedir. Ağız lezyonlarının erken teşhisi ve uygun yaklaşımları,
hastalıkların prognozunda ve hastaların yaşam kalitesinde olumlu sonuçlar
ortaya çıkaracaktır. Bu nedenle ağız lezyonlarının bulguları, sistemik
hastalıkların ağız bulguları, lezyonların malignite potansiyeli
değerlendirilerek hastalara yaklaşılmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı; oral mukozal
beyaz lezyonları detaylı inceleyerek ve hastalarda görülen mukozal lezyonların
güncel yaklaşımlarını değerlendirerek diş hekimleri ve pedodontistlerin
farkındalığını artırmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beyaz lezyonlar, oral mukoza, kandidiyazis, liken planus

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