Effect of Contralateral Training on Muscle Strength: A Narrative Review

Öz

Contralateral training is defined as the case where exercising one extremity or one side of the body can cause improvements to the opposite extremity or side of the body without direct training. In other words, it represents the transfer of effects due to training from one extremity to another or from one side of the body to the other. This effect is observed with exercise forms like strength, resistance and motor skills training. For example, if a person only performs strength exercises with the right arm, an increase in strength is observed in the left arm, even though direct training was not performed. The probable gains obtained by training the unaffected extremity may be transferred to the affected extremity, which may improve general function. This transfer of benefit may occur due to neural adaptations occurring in the brain and spinal cord. Contralateral training, or cross-education, has been used in recent years in the rehabilitation process for patients with orthopedic or neurological problems. In this review, we aimed to explain the effect of different contraction types in the trained extremity on muscle strength in the untrained extremity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rehabilitation
• muscle strength
• resistance training

Kontralateral Eğitimin Kas Kuvvetine Etkisi: Derleme

Öz

Kontralateral eğitim, vücudun bir ekstremitesini veya bir tarafını çalıştırmanın, doğrudan eğitim olmadan bile vücudun karşı ekstremite veya tarafında iyileştirmelere yol açabileceği olgusunu tanımlar. Başka bir deyişle, bir ekstremiteden diğer ekstremitelere veya vücudun bir tarafından diğer tarafına antrenman kaynaklı etkilerin transferini ifade eder. Bu etki, kuvvet, dayanıklılık ve motor beceri antrenmanı gibi çeşitli egzersiz ve rehabilitasyon biçimlerinde gözlemlenmiştir. Örneğin, bir kişi sadece sağ koluyla kuvvet egzersizleri yaparsa, doğrudan antrenman yapmamış olsa bile sol kolunda da kuvvet artışı görülebilir. Etkilenmeyen ekstremiteyi eğiterek elde edilmesi muhtemel kazanımlar etkilenen ekstremiteye aktarılabilir ve genel fonksiyonun iyileştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bu fayda aktarımı, beyinde ve omurilikte meydana gelen nöral adaptasyonlar nedeniyle gerçekleşebilir. Kontralateral eğitim, ortopedik veya nörolojik problemleri bulunan hastaların rehabilitasyon süreçlerine yardımcı olmak amaçlı fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon kliniklerinde son yıllarda kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede eğitim alan ekstremitedeki farklı kontraksiyon tiplerinin eğitim almamış ekstremite üzerindeki kas kuvveti etkisini detaylarıyla açıklamayı amaçladık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rehabilitasyon
• kas kuvveti
• direnç antrenmanı

Kaynakça

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