Improving Nursery Tree Quality in Apples by Heading, Cytokinin and Gibberellin Applications

Abstract

The oldest and simplest branching method known is heading, a pruning technique. Although many alternative techniques have been developed, there is not yet an accepted branching method for all cultivars in practice. This study investigated the effects of heading and different plant growth regulators on the quality of 2-year-old nursery trees. The number, crotch angle, length and diameter of long branches (>25 cm) as well as trunk diameter and tree height were determined in four different apple cultivars (Mondial Gala/M.9, Golden Reinders/M.9, Starkrimson Delicious/MM.106 and Granny Smith/MM.106). Treatments containing both cytokinin and gibberellin increased branching compared to applications containing cytokinin only. To conclude, low-dose repeated cytokinin+gibberellin applications after budburst, especially in the Granny Smith cultivar, can be used effectively in commercial nurseries.

Keywords

• Bioregulator
• benzyladenine
• fruitful tree method
• two-year-old nursery tree

Tepe Kesimi, Sitokinin ve Gibberellin Uygulamalarıyla Elmalarda Fidan Kalitesinin İyileştirilmesi

Öz

Bilinen en eski ve en basit dallandırma yöntemi bir budama tekniği olan tepe kesimidir. Tepe kesimine alternatif çok sayıda teknik geliştirilmiş olmakla birlikte henüz pratikte tüm çeşitler için kabul görmüş bir dallandırma metodu bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmayla tepe kesimi ve farklı bitki büyüme düzenleyici maddeler içeren uygulamaların 2 yaşlı fidanların kalitesi üzerine olan ekileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada dört farklı elma çeşidi için (Mondial Gala/M.9, Golden Reinders/M.9, Starkrimson Delicious/MM.106 ve Granny Smith/MM.106) odun dallarının (>25 cm) sayısı, açısı, uzunluğu ve kalınlığı tespit edilmiş ve ayrıca fidan gövde çapı ile fidan boyu belirlenmiştir. Hem sitokinin hem de gibberellin içeren uygulamaların tepe kesimi ve tek başına sitokinin içeren uygulamalara kıyasla dallanmayı arttırdığı görülmüştür. Özellikle Granny Smith çeşidinde tomurcuk patlamasından sonra yapılacak olan düşük doz tekrarlı sitokinin+gibberelin uygulamalarının ticari fidanlıklarda etkili şekilde kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bioregülatör
• benziladenin
• iki yaşlı fidan
• meyveli fidan yöntemi

Kaynakça

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