Abstract

Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata is a plant that is believed to have medicinal benefits and is used for this purpose as well as consumed by the local people as food. Despite its economic potential wild P. divaricata subsp. divaricata has still not domesticated and the fruits consumption has not became prevalent. In this study, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained from two different extractors (soxhlete and ultrasonic bath) from P. divaricata subsp. divaricata fruits collected from two different locations (Ahırdağı and Nurhak) in Kahramanmaraş were investigated. In addition, fatty acids were analyzed by GC-MS analysis and 25 different fatty acids were determined. The main fatty acid components of P. divaricata subsp. divaricata fruit extracts collected from the Ahırdağı location include cis-11,14,17- eicosatrienoic acid (31.20%) and oleic acid (25.41%); in plants from Nurhak location, oleic acid (49.77%) and palmitic acid (23.05%). The ultrasonic bath was found to be more effective in detecting the bioactive contents of the extracts than the soxhlete. Total phenolic content of plant extracts (USB) in Ahırdağı and Nurhak locations were 62.50 and 37.40 mg g-1, total flavonoid amount was 2.96 and 1.81 mg g-1, FRAP value was 31.05 and 20.82 µg g-1 and DPPH were 1.47 and 1.65 mg g-1. Antimicrobial activity experiment carried with a total of 10 microorganisms (eight bacteria and two yeasts) showed that P. divaricata subsp. divaricata fruit extracts inhibited all of the microorganisms growth tested. However, inhibition effect on bacteria was higher than fungi.

Keywords

• Antimicrobial activity,antioxidant activity,phenol,flavonoid,fatty acid,Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata Ledeb.

Kahramanmaraş’tan Toplanan Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata Ledeb. Meyvelerinin Biyokimyasal Özellikleri ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata Ledeb. (yonuz eriği), tıbbi amaçlı kullanımının yanı sıra, yöre halkı tarafından gıda olarak da tüketilen bir türdür. Ekonomik potansiyeli olmasına rağmen, yabani P. divaricata subsp. divaricata kültüre alınmamış ve meyve tüketimi yaygınlaşmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş’ta Ahırdağı ve Nurhak lokasyonlarından toplanan P. divaricata subsp. divaricata meyve örneklerden iki farklı ekstraktörle (soksalet ve ultrasonik banyo) elde edilen ekstraktların, toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri ile antioksidan, antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri ve ayrıca GC-MS analizi ile analiz edildi ve 25 farklı yağ asidi belirlenmiştir. Ahırdağı lokasyonundan toplanan P. divaricata subsp. divaricata meyve ekstraktlarının başlıca yağ asidi bileşenlerini cis-11,14,17- eikosatrienoik asit (%31,20) ve oleik asit (%25,41); Nurhak lokasyonundaki bitkilerde ise oleik asit (%49,77) ve palmitik asit (%23,054) oluşturmaktadır. Ekstraktların biyoaktif içeriklerinin belirlenmesinde ultrasonik banyonun soksalete göre daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ahırdağı ve Nurhak lokasyonundaki örneklerin USB metoduna göre sırasıyla toplam fenolik madde içeriği 62,50 ve 37,40 mg g-1, toplam flavonoid miktarı 2,96 ve 1,81 mg g-1, FRAP değeri 31,05. ve 20,82 µg g-1 ve DPPH değeri 1,47 ve 1,65 mg g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Antimikrobiyal aktivite deneyi sonucunda, P. divaricata subsp. divaricata meyve ekstraktları çalışılan 10 mikroorganizmanın tamamının (8 bakteri ve 2 mantar) gelişimini durdurmuştur. Ancak bakteriler üzerindeki inhibisyon etkisi funguslardan daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antimikrobiyal aktivite,antioksidan aktivite,fenol,flavonoid,yağ asidi,Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata Ledeb.

Kaynakça

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