COVID-19 Infections in Newborns

Yıl 2020, , 23 - 35, 20.03.2020

Fahri Ovalı

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.708589

Cited By: 19

Öz

Novel type Coronavirus-19 is seen mainly in elderly people but it may be encountered in pregnant women and newborns also. The information about its clinical features, laboratory findings and prognosis in children and newborns is scarce. Since the immunological systems of the newborns have not developed completely, it may be considered that their risks are larger. All the reported cases in pregnant women were in the 3rd trimestr and only 1% of them developed severe disease. There is no data yet on the materno-fetal transmission of the disease. Case reports of newborns are similar to those of adults. Definitive diagnosis can be made by a history of contact with a proven case, fever, pneumonia and gastrointestinal disorder. Lymphopenia, liver and renal function disorders may be seen. Suspected or proven cases of newborns should be isolated in the neonatal intensive care unit for at least 14 days with standart and droplet isolation precautions. If needed, the transport of the neonate should be performed in a transport incubator with isolation precautions. The incubator and the ambulance should be disenfected before and after the transport. There is no specific treatment for the disease, but hemodynamic stabilization of the infant, respiratory management and other daily care are essential. Some drugs are under investigation. Routine antibiotics are not recommended. No deaths have been reported in infected cases. Possible hyperbilirubinemia of the infant should be managed appropiately. Families and healthcare staff should receive pyschological support. Since the infection is quite new and knowledge is constantly accumulating, following scientific developments is crucial. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Newborn, COVID-19, vertical transmission

Yenidoğanlarda COVID-19 Enfeksiyonları

Öz

Yeni tip Coronavirüs-19, genellikle yaşlı bireylerde görülmesine rağmen gebelerde ve yenidoğan bebeklerde de görülebilmektedir. Virüsün çocuklarda ve yenidoğanlardaki klinik özellikleri, laboratuvar bulguları ve prognozu hakkında yeteri kadar bilgi yoktur. Yenidoğanların immün sistemleri yeteri kadar gelişmemiş olduğundan daha büyük risk altında oldukları düşünülebilir. Şimdiye kadar bildirilen gebelerin hemen hepsi 3. trimestrde enfekte olmuşlardır. Bu kadınların ancak % 1’inde kritik hastalık gelişmiştir. Ancak şimdiye kadar materno-fetal vertikal geçişi kanıtlayabilecek bir veri elde edilememiştir. Yenidoğanlardaki vaka tanımları erişkinlerdekine benzerdir. Kesin tanılı hasta biriyle temasın yanı sıra, ateş, solunum yolu bulguları, pnömoni ve gastrointestinal bulgular gözlenebilir. Hastalarda lenfopeni bulunabileceği gibi karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyon bozukluklarına da rastlanabilir. Şüpheli veya kesin tanılı yenidoğanların yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde 14 gün süreyle izole edilmeleri ve standart ve damlacık enfeksiyonu temas önlemlerinin alınması gerekir. Yenidoğanların transportu gerekirse, küvöz içinde, gerekli önlemler alınarak transport edilmeli, transport öncesi ve sonrasında ambulans dahil tüm ekipman dezenfekte edilmelidir. Hastalığın kesin bir tedavisi olmadığı için yenidoğanın hemodinamik stabilitesinin sağlanması, solunum desteği verilmesi ve diğer rutin bakımlarının yapılması yerinde olur. Rutin antibiyotik kullanımına gerek yoktur. Şimdiye kadar enfekte olan yenidoğanlar arasında ölüm bildirilmemiştir. Taburcu edilen bebeklerde muhtemel sarılık gelişimine karşı da önlem alınmalıdır. Ailelere de psikolojik ve sosyal destek sağlanması yerinde olur. Hastalık hakkındaki bilgiler az olduğu için yeni gelişmeler takip edilmelidir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenidoğan, COVID-19, vertikal geçiş

Kaynakça

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