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Comparison of Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility and Clinical Scales for the Assessment of Dehydration in Children With Diarrhea

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 133 - 138, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.54996/anatolianjem.1057387

Öz

Aim: There is no fair predictor to determine the dehydration level in children. The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy and reliability of the inferior vena cava collapsibility index by the use of ultrasonography to assess volume status for pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis.


Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between December 2016 and October 2017. Patients were assessed with clinical dehydration scores and their inferior vena cava collapsibility indices were measured. The weights of the children were measured prior to treatment and one week after the improvement of symptoms. The correlation between the dehydration percentage seven days after symptom relief and inferior vena cava collapsibility index and also the correlation between clinical dehydration scale results and dehydration percentage seven days after symptom relief were determined.


Results: 190 patients enrolled in the study. 130 (68.4%) patients were found to be mildly dehydrated while 60 (31.6%) patients’ dehydration levels remained moderate to severe, and of these 18 (9.4%) were severely dehydrated. The area under the curve for the caval index was determined as 0.985 (95% CI; 0.959-1). The IVCCI cutoff of >58 produced 98.3% sensitivity, 88.5% specificity, 0.79 PPV, 0.99 NPV, 1.2 +LR, and 1.01 -LR. The AUC for moderate-to-severe dehydration was 0.778 (CI 95%: 0.703-0.854) according to the CDC and 0.764 (95% CI:0.669-0.889) for the Gorelick scale.


Conclusion: USG-guided IVC index measurement is an effective and reliable method for determining the dehydration severity in pediatric patients present with acute gastroenteritis.

Kaynakça

  • Qadori M, Flem E, Bekkevold T et al. Hypoglycaemia was common in acute gastroenteritis in a prospective hospital-based study, but electrolyte imbalances were not. Acta Paediatr 2018;107:1455-1460.
  • GBD Diarrhoeal Diseases Collaborators. Estimates of global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoeal diseases: a systematic analyses for the global burden of disease study 2015. Lancet Infect Dis 2017;17:909-948.
  • McConnochie KM, Conners GP, Lu E, et al. How commonly are children hospitalized for dehydration eligible for care in alternative settings? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153:1233-41.
  • Freedman SB, Thull-Freedman JD. Vomiting, Diarrhea, and Dehydration in Infants and Children. In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine : A Comprehensive Study Guide. 8th ed. McGraw-Hill Education; 2016
  • Bailey B, Gravel J, Goldman RD et al. External validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children with acute gastroenteritis. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:583-8.
  • Steiner MJ, DeWalt DA, Byerley JS. Is this child dehydrated? JAMA 2004;291:2746-54.
  • American College of Emergency Physicians. Emergency ultrasound guidelines. Ann Emerg Med 2009;53:550-70.
  • Chen L, Kim Y, Santucci KA. Use of ultrasound measurement of the inferior vena cava diameter as an objective tool in the assessment of children with clinical dehydration. Acad Emerg Med 2007;14:841-5.
  • Vega RM, Avner JR. A prospective study of the usefulness of clinical and laboratory parameters for predicting percentage of dehydration in children. Pediatr Emerg Care 1997;13:179-82.
  • Pruvost I, Dubos F, Aurel M et al. Value of history and clinical and laboratory data for the diagnosis of dehydration due to acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years. Presse Med 2008;37:600-9.
  • Gravel J, Manzano S, Guimont C et al. Multicenter validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children. Arch Pediatr 2010;17:1645-51.
  • Bailey B, Gravel J, Goldman RD et al. External validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children with acute gastroenteritis. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:583-8.
  • Jauregui J, Nelson D, Choo E et al. External validation and comparison of three pediatric clinical dehydration scales. PLoS One 2014;9: e95739.
  • Haciomeroglu P, Ozkaya O, Gunal N et al. Venous collapsibility index changes in children on dialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2007;12:135-9.
  • Krause I, Birk E, Davidovits M et al. Inferior vena cava diameter : a useful method for estimation of fluid status in children on haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1203-6.
  • Levine AC, Shah SP, Umulisa I et al. Ultrasound assessment of severe dehydration in children with diarrhea and vomiting. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:1035-41.

İshalli Çocuklarda Dehidratasyonun Değerlendirilmesi için Inferior Vena Kava Kollapsibilite Indeksi ve Klinik Ölçeklerin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 133 - 138, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.54996/anatolianjem.1057387

Öz

Amaç: Çocuklarda dehidratasyon düzeyini belirlemek için objektif öngörücü değerlendirme testleri ile ilgili çalışmala sınırlıdır.Çalışmanın amacı, akut gastroenteritli pediatrik hastalarda volüm durumunu değerlendirmek için ultrasonografi kullanılarak inferior vena kava kollapsibilite indeksinin etkinliğini ve güvenilirliğini araştırmaktı.


Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu prospektif çalışma, Aralık 2016 ile Ekim 2017 tarihleri arasında üçüncü basamak bir hastanede yürütülmüştür. Hastalar klinik dehidratasyon skorları ile değerlendirildi ve sonografik inferior vena kava kollapsibilite indeksi ölçüldü. Çocukların ağırlıkları tedaviden önce ve semptomların düzelmesinden bir hafta sonra ölçüldü. Semptomların düzelmesinden yedi gün sonra dehidratasyon yüzdesi ile vena kava inferior kollapsibilite indeksi arasındaki korelasyon ve ayrıca klinik dehidratasyon skalası sonuçları ile semptomların iyileşmesinden yedi gün sonra dehidratasyon yüzdesi arasındaki korelasyon belirlendi.


Bulgular: Çalışmaya 190 hasta alındı. 130 (%68,4) hastanın hafif dehidrate olduğu, 60 (%31,6) hastanın dehidratasyon düzeylerinin orta-şiddetli düzeyde kaldığı ve bunların 18'inin (%9,4) ciddi dehidrate olduğu tespit edildi. Kaval indeks için eğri altında kalan alan 0,985 (%95 GA; 0.959-1) olarak belirlendi. >58 IVCCI kesme değeri %98,3 duyarlılık, %88,5 özgüllük, 0,79 PPV, 0,99 NPV, 1,2 +LR ve 1,01 -LR üretti. Orta-şiddetli dehidratasyon için EAA, CDC'ye göre 0,778 (CI %95: 0,703-0,854) ve Gorelick ölçeği için 0,764 (%95 GA:0,669-0,889) olmuştur.


Sonuç: Akut gastroenterit ile başvuran pediatrik hastalarda dehidratasyon şiddetini belirlemede USG eşliğinde IVC indeks ölçümü etkili ve güvenilir bir yöntemdir.

Kaynakça

  • Qadori M, Flem E, Bekkevold T et al. Hypoglycaemia was common in acute gastroenteritis in a prospective hospital-based study, but electrolyte imbalances were not. Acta Paediatr 2018;107:1455-1460.
  • GBD Diarrhoeal Diseases Collaborators. Estimates of global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoeal diseases: a systematic analyses for the global burden of disease study 2015. Lancet Infect Dis 2017;17:909-948.
  • McConnochie KM, Conners GP, Lu E, et al. How commonly are children hospitalized for dehydration eligible for care in alternative settings? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153:1233-41.
  • Freedman SB, Thull-Freedman JD. Vomiting, Diarrhea, and Dehydration in Infants and Children. In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine : A Comprehensive Study Guide. 8th ed. McGraw-Hill Education; 2016
  • Bailey B, Gravel J, Goldman RD et al. External validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children with acute gastroenteritis. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:583-8.
  • Steiner MJ, DeWalt DA, Byerley JS. Is this child dehydrated? JAMA 2004;291:2746-54.
  • American College of Emergency Physicians. Emergency ultrasound guidelines. Ann Emerg Med 2009;53:550-70.
  • Chen L, Kim Y, Santucci KA. Use of ultrasound measurement of the inferior vena cava diameter as an objective tool in the assessment of children with clinical dehydration. Acad Emerg Med 2007;14:841-5.
  • Vega RM, Avner JR. A prospective study of the usefulness of clinical and laboratory parameters for predicting percentage of dehydration in children. Pediatr Emerg Care 1997;13:179-82.
  • Pruvost I, Dubos F, Aurel M et al. Value of history and clinical and laboratory data for the diagnosis of dehydration due to acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years. Presse Med 2008;37:600-9.
  • Gravel J, Manzano S, Guimont C et al. Multicenter validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children. Arch Pediatr 2010;17:1645-51.
  • Bailey B, Gravel J, Goldman RD et al. External validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children with acute gastroenteritis. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:583-8.
  • Jauregui J, Nelson D, Choo E et al. External validation and comparison of three pediatric clinical dehydration scales. PLoS One 2014;9: e95739.
  • Haciomeroglu P, Ozkaya O, Gunal N et al. Venous collapsibility index changes in children on dialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2007;12:135-9.
  • Krause I, Birk E, Davidovits M et al. Inferior vena cava diameter : a useful method for estimation of fluid status in children on haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1203-6.
  • Levine AC, Shah SP, Umulisa I et al. Ultrasound assessment of severe dehydration in children with diarrhea and vomiting. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17:1035-41.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Orijinal Çalışma
Yazarlar

Asım Enes Özbek 0000-0003-4095-7985

Onur Karakayalı 0000-0003-1848-3461

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Özbek AE, Karakayalı O. Comparison of Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility and Clinical Scales for the Assessment of Dehydration in Children With Diarrhea. Anatolian J Emerg Med. Eylül 2022;5(3):133-138. doi:10.54996/anatolianjem.1057387