Nevrotik Bireylerde Kolay ve Zor Testler Sırasında Algılanan Stres Seviyesi ve Bilişsel Performans

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kolay ve zor olarak düzenlenmiş testlerin uygulanması sırasında yüksek ve düşük nevrotik seviyedeki iki gurubun algılanan stres seviyesini incelemektedir. Bunu test etmek için, 21 maddeden oluşan Eysenk kişilik testi kullanilarak 400 kişi arasindan nevrotik seviyesi yüksek ve düşük olan 22’şer kişilik iki grup olustruldu. Bu katılımcılar kolay ve zor olarak adlandırılan testlere tabii tutulduktan sonra, testler sırasında algılanan stres seviyeleri ölçüldü. İki grup arasında, kolay ve zor testler ve stres seviyesi arasındaki etkileşimi öğrenmek için ANOVA testi kullanıldı. Sonuçlar, kolay testler sırasında, iki grup test perfromansı ve algılanan stress açısından benzer iken, zor test uygulaması sırasında, yüksek seviyede nevrotik olan bireyler, düşük seviyede nevrotik olanlara göre daha düşük performans ve yüksek stres seviyesine sahip oldukları bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nevrotizm,Stres,Kolay Test,Zor Test,Bilişsel Süreç

Perceived Stress in Cognitive Performance of Easy and Difficult Task in High and Low Neurotics

Abstract

The current study aims at investigating stress related differences during processing of easy and difficult tasks in high and low neurotics. To examine this, 22 high and 22 low neurotic participants were selected among 400 screened people based on 21 item Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). They performed single and dual tasks and subsequently filled self-designed perceived stress survey. An analyses of variance (ANOVA) tests with repeated measures were conducted to analyse the results. The results showed that while high and low neurotics did not differ on easy tasks regarding performance and perceived stress level, high neurotics were considerably slower with greater perceived stress level than low neurotics on difficult tasks.   

Keywords

• Neuroticism,Stress,Easy Task,Difficult Task,Cognitve Processing

Kaynakça

1. Corr, P. J. (2003). Personality and dual-task processing: Disruption of procedural learning by declarative processing. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(7), 1245-1269.
2. De Jong, R. (1995). The role of preparation in overlapping-task performance. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48(1), 2-25.
3. Dornic, S. (1977). Mental load, effort, and individual differences (Report No. 509). Stockholm, Sweden: University of Stockholm, Department of Psychology.
4. Eysenck, H. J. (1967). The biological basis of personality, Transaction publishers.
5. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1975). Manual of the Eysenck personality questionnaire (junior and adult) Hodder and Stoughton.
6. Eysenck, H., & Eysenck, M. (1986). Arousal based theory of neuroticism. In C. Coopers (Ed.), Personality and individual differences (pp. 196-209)
7. Eysenck, M. W., & Derakshan, N. (2011). New perspectives in attentional control theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), 955-960. Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007). Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory. Emotion, 7(2), 336.
8. Kieras, D. E., & Meyer, D. E. (1997). An overview of the EPIC architecture for cognition and performance with application to human-computer interaction. Human-Computer Interaction, 12(4), 391-438.

9. Logan, G. D., & Gordon, R. D. (2001). Executive control of visual attention in dual-task situations. Psychological Review, 108(2), 393.
10. Luria, R., & Meiran, N. (2005). Increased control demand results in serial processing: Evidence from dual-task performance. Psychological Science, 16(10), 833-840. doi: PSCI1622 [pii]
11. Osorio, L. C., Cohen, M., Escobar, S. E., Salkowski-Bartlett, A., & Compton, R. J. (2003). Selective attention to stressful distracters: Effects of neuroticism and gender. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(5), 831-844. Pashler, H. (1993). Dual-task interference and elementary mental mechanisms. Attention and Performance XIV: Synergies in Experimental Psychology, Artificial Intelligence, and Cognitive Neuroscience, 245-264. Pashler, H. (1994). Dual-task interference in simple tasks: Data and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 116(2), 220.
12. Poposki, E. M., Oswald, F. L., & Chen, H. T. (2009). Neuroticism Negatively Affects Multitasking Performance through State Anxiety,
13. Studer-Luethi, B., Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., & Perrig, W. J. (2012). Influence of neuroticism and conscientiousness on working memory training outcome. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(1), 44-49.
14. Szameitat, A. J., Saylik, R., & Parton, A. (2016). Neuroticism related differences in the functional neuroanatomical correlates of multitasking. An fMRI study. Neuroscience letters, 635, 51-55.
15. Szymura, B., & Wodniecka, Z. (2003). What really bothers neurotics? in search for factors impairing attentional performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(1), 109-126.