Basic Welfare Problems in Broiler Chicken

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 23 - 35, 30.06.2020

Mehmet Sarı Mustafa Saatcı

Öz

In broiler
chickens, selection and management practices that support growth have been
caused by selection, in terms of growth rate and carcass yield, and some
welfare problems. The main welfare problems in broiler chickens are caused by
genetic and environmental problems. We can classify high growth rate, diseases,
contact dermatitis, skeletal problems and locomotor activity as genetic
problems, and stocking density, litter, air quality, light, feeding, feed
management and breeding equipment as environmental problems. The latest study
on the implementation of the 2007/43/EC directive on broiler chickens and the
care and management practices addressing welfare-health issues were reported in
the European Parliament council in 2018. The report found that controls based
on foot pad dermatitis monitoring and scoring in chickens were the most
effective method for improving animal welfare. It has been reported that more
technical applications such as ventilation, which particularly affect the
welfare of broilers, are still a problem. As a result; In order to improve the
health of broiler chickens and the quality and biosafety of livestock products,
the issue of welfare should not be underestimated and the most appropriate
standards should be provided. Turkey must be made as soon as possible solutions
to the problem of the welfare of broilers and standards. Otherwise, it may
result in problems related to food safety, the integration of the broiler
industry to international standards, and a new obstacle in the export of
related products. This review was made to give information about studies on the
purpose of determining the genetic and environmental problems affecting welfare
conditions in broiler chickens and bringing standards to welfare problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Broiler chicken, welfare, management, leg problems

Etlik Piliçlerde Temel Refah Sorunları

Öz

Etlik piliçlerde, büyüme oranı ve karkas verimi bakımından seleksiyona tabii tutulma ile büyümeyi destekleyen beslenme ve yönetim uygulamaları bazı refah sorunlarının ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Etlik piliçlerde temel refah sorunları genetik ve çevresel sorunlardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Yüksek büyüme hızı, hastalıklar, kontakt dermatitis, iskelet problemleri ve lokomotor aktivite genetik sorunlar olarak, yerleşim sıklığı, altlık, hava kalitesi, ışık, besleme, yem yönetimi ve yetiştirme ekipmanlarını ise çevresel sorunlar olarak sınıflandırabiliriz. Etlik piliçlerde 2007/43/EC direktifinin uygulanması ve refah-sağlık sorunlarının ele alındığı bakım ve yönetim uygulamaları ile ilgili en son çalışma 2018 yılında Avrupa Parlamentosu konseyinde rapor edilmiştir. Raporda piliçlerde ayak pedi dermatitinin izlenmesine ve skorlanmasına dayanan kontrollerin, hayvan refahını iyileştirmede en etkili yöntem olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle piliçlerin refahını etkileyen havalandırma gibi daha teknik uygulamaların halen bir sorun olarak devam ettiği bildirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; etlik piliçlerin sağlığını, hayvancılık ürünlerinin kalite ve biyogüvenliğini iyileştirmek için refah konusu hafife alınmamalı ve buna yönelik en uygun standartlar sağlanmalıdır. Türkiye'de de en kısa zamanda etlik piliçlerin refah sorununa çözüm ve standart getirilmelidir. Aksi halde gıda güvenliği ile ilgili sorunların ortaya çıkmasına, etlik piliç endüstrisinin uluslararası standartlara entegrasyonunun etkilenmesine, ilgili ürünlerin ihracatında yeni bir engelin ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir. Bu derleme etlik piliçlerde refah koşullarını etkileyen genetik ve çevresel sorunların belirlenmesi, refah sorunlarına standart getirilmesi amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgi vermek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etlik piliç, refah, yönetim, bacak problemleri

Kaynakça

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