Temiz Enerji Yoksulluğu ile İklim Politikaları Arasındaki Bağlantının OPEC Ülkeleri Kapsamında İncelenmesi

Öz

Enerji yoksulluğu, iklim eylemi için büyük bir zorluk alanı ve çok boyutlu yoksulluğun başlıca unsurudur. Bununla birlikte ülkelerin temel çevre politikası amaçlarından birisi, özellikle iklim değişikliği sorunsalı ile mücadele etmektir. Bu bağlamda enerji yoksulluğunun azaltılması ve iklim değişikliğinin hafifletilmesi, ayrılmaz bir bütün olarak birbirleriyle bağlantılı politika hedefleridir. Ancak literatürde söz konusu hedeflerin nispeten birbirinden bağımsız araştırma soruları ve politika geliştirme alanları olarak kaldığı gözlemlenmektedir. Belirtilen literatür boşluğuna katkı sunan bu makalenin amacı, 2000-2020 dönem aralığında Petrol İhraç Eden Ülkeler Örgütü (OPEC) ülkelerinin temiz enerji yoksulluğu ile iklim politikaları arasındaki bağlantının panel veri metodolojisi takip edilerek incelenmesidir. Prais Winsten regresyon analizinden ulaşılan temel bulgular, enerji verimliliği, gelir, karbon finansmanı, tarım arazileri ve orman alanları değişkenlerinin temiz enerji yoksulluğunu azalttığını; kentsel nüfus ve yenilenebilir enerji değişkenlerinin ise artırdığını ampirik olarak doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Temiz Enerji Yoksulluğu
• İklim Politikaları
• Doğal Kaynaklar
• Prais Winsten Regresyon Analizi

Examining the Link between Clean Energy Poverty and Climate Policies in the Scope of OPEC Countries

Öz

Energy poverty is a major challenge for climate action and a key element of multidimensional poverty. However, one of the fundamental environmental policy objectives of countries is to combat the climate change problem in particular. In this context, reducing energy poverty and mitigating climate change are inseparable policy goals that are interconnected. However, it is observed in the literature that these goals remain relatively independent research questions and policy development areas. The aim of this article, which contributes to the specified literature gap, is to examine the connection between clean energy poverty and climate policies of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) countries in the period 2000-2020 by following the panel data methodology. The main findings obtained from the Prais Winsten regression analysis empirically confirm that the variables of energy efficiency, income, carbon finance, agricultural lands and forest areas reduce clean energy poverty, while the variables of urban population and renewable energy increase it.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Clean Energy Poverty
• Climate Policies
• Natural Resources
• Prais Winsten Regression Analysis

Kaynakça

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