Futbolcularda 4 Haftalık Core ve Fonksiyonel Antrenman Programlarının Fiziksel Uygunluk Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkilerinin İncelenmesi: İnaktif Kontrollü Deneysel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışma, erkek futbolcularda dört haftalık core antrenmanı (CT), fonksiyonel antrenman (FT) ve inaktif kontrol (KG) gruplarında ön testten son teste değişimlerin gruplar arasında farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemiştir. Otuz katılımcı (18-25 yaş; her grupta n=10) CT, FT veya KG grubuna atanmıştır. CT ve FT grupları haftada üç gün 45-60 dakikalık antrenmanlar uygularken KG ek yapılandırılmış antrenman almamıştır. Vücut ağırlığı, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ), izometrik sırt kuvveti, dikey sıçrama, Lewis formülüyle tahmin edilen anaerobik güç ile tek/çift ayak denge öncesi ve sonrası değerlendirilmiştir. Çok değişkenli Grup × Zaman etkisi, ön-son değişim puanları üzerinden omnibus MANOVA ile; ardından her sonuç için 3 × 2 karma desenli analizlerle incelenmiştir. Omnibus etki anlamlı değildir (Wilks' Λ=.367, F(16,40)=1.629, p=.106). Yedi sonuçta nominal Grup × Zaman etkileşimi anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p>.05). Sağ ayak dengesinde nominal etkileşim saptanmış, F(2,27)=4.075, p=.028, ηp²=.232, ancak sekiz sonuç için Holm düzeltmesi sonrasında anlamlılık korunmamıştır (düzeltilmiş p=.227). Keşfedici Tukey karşılaştırması FT'nin KG'ye göre daha fazla iyileşme gösterdiğini düşündürmüştür (p=.022). Sonuç olarak, değerlendirilen sonuçlar genelinde CT veya FT'nin kontrolden üstün olduğuna ilişkin güçlü kanıt bulunmamaktadır. Sağ ayak dengesindeki izole sinyal, omnibus testin anlamsızlığı ve küçük örneklem nedeniyle hipotez oluşturucu olarak değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Core antrenmanı
• fonksiyonel antrenman
• futbol
• fiziksel uygunluk
• denge
• dikey sıçrama

Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study

Öz

This study examined whether pre-to-post changes after four weeks differed among core training (CT), functional training (FT), and inactive control (CG) groups in male soccer players. Thirty participants (18-25 years; n=10/group) were allocated to CT, FT, or CG. CT and FT completed 45-60 min sessions three times weekly, whereas CG received no additional structured training. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), isometric back strength, vertical jump, Lewis-estimated anaerobic power, and unilateral/bilateral balance were assessed before and after the intervention. An omnibus MANOVA tested the multivariate Group × Time effect using pre-to-post change scores, followed by outcome-specific 3 × 2 mixed-design analyses. The omnibus effect was not significant (Wilks' Λ=.367, F(16,40)=1.629, p=.106). Nominal Group × Time interactions were non-significant for seven outcomes (p>.05). Right-foot balance showed a nominal interaction, F(2,27)=4.075, p=.028, ηp²=.232, but this did not remain significant after Holm correction across eight outcomes (adjusted p=.227). An exploratory Tukey comparison suggested greater improvement in FT than CG (p=.022). Thus, the data do not provide robust evidence that CT or FT was superior to control across the assessed outcomes. The isolated right-foot balance signal should be considered hypothesis-generating given the non-significant omnibus test and small sample.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Core training
• functional training
• soccer
• physical fitness
• balance
• vertical jump

Etik Beyan

Ethics Committee Approval Information Ethics review committee: Karabük University Rectorate Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee Date of the ethics review document: February 10, 2026 Reference number of the ethics review document: E-77192459-050.99-495187

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