Research Article

Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study

Volume: 9 Number: 1 September 9, 2026
TR EN

Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study

Abstract

This study examined whether pre-to-post changes after four weeks differed among core training (CT), functional training (FT), and inactive control (CG) groups in male soccer players. Thirty participants (18-25 years; n=10/group) were allocated to CT, FT, or CG. CT and FT completed 45-60 min sessions three times weekly, whereas CG received no additional structured training. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), isometric back strength, vertical jump, Lewis-estimated anaerobic power, and unilateral/bilateral balance were assessed before and after the intervention. An omnibus MANOVA tested the multivariate Group × Time effect using pre-to-post change scores, followed by outcome-specific 3 × 2 mixed-design analyses. The omnibus effect was not significant (Wilks' Λ=.367, F(16,40)=1.629, p=.106). Nominal Group × Time interactions were non-significant for seven outcomes (p>.05). Right-foot balance showed a nominal interaction, F(2,27)=4.075, p=.028, ηp²=.232, but this did not remain significant after Holm correction across eight outcomes (adjusted p=.227). An exploratory Tukey comparison suggested greater improvement in FT than CG (p=.022). Thus, the data do not provide robust evidence that CT or FT was superior to control across the assessed outcomes. The isolated right-foot balance signal should be considered hypothesis-generating given the non-significant omnibus test and small sample.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Approval Information Ethics review committee: Karabük University Rectorate Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee Date of the ethics review document: February 10, 2026 Reference number of the ethics review document: E-77192459-050.99-495187

References

  1. American College of Sports Medicine. (2018). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (10th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
  2. Brull-Muria, E., & Beltran-Garrido, J. V. (2021). Effects of a specific core stability program on the sprint and change-of-direction maneuverability performance in youth male soccer players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), Article 10116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910116
  3. Bustos Carvajal, J. S., & Arias Coronel, F. (2025). Exploring the role of the core in sports performance: A systematic review of the effects of core muscle training. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 7, Article 1630584. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2025.1630584
  4. Dello Iacono, A., Martone, D., Alfieri, A., Ayalon, M., & Buono, P. (2014). Core stability training program (CSTP): Effects on static and dynamic balance abilities. Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 173(4), 197–206.
  5. Dişçeken, O., & Atik, E. (2024). Adölesan tenisçilerde fonksiyonel antrenmanların FMS, denge ve çeviklik üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Herkes İçin Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 6(3), 262–271. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1509167
  6. Erken, Y., Saygın, Ö., & Ceylan, H. İ. (2020). Fonksiyonel antrenman adölesan kız ve erkeklerin seçilmiş fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerini geliştirir. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(4), 213–226.
  7. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
  8. Fox, E. L., Bowers, R. W., & Foss, M. L. (1993). The physiological basis for exercise and sport (5th ed.). Brown & Benchmark.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Sports Training

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 9, 2026

Submission Date

July 10, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 23, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 1

APA
Aslan, H., Şahin, M., Emre Serin, D. D., Arslan, F., Ziyagil, M. A., & Eken, Ö. (2026). Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 9(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1992001
AMA
1.Aslan H, Şahin M, Emre Serin DD, Arslan F, Ziyagil MA, Eken Ö. Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study. MJSS. 2026;9(1):1-14. doi:10.38021/asbid.1992001
Chicago
Aslan, Hüseyin, Musa Şahin, Doç. Dr. Emre Serin, Fethi Arslan, Mehmet Akif Ziyagil, and Özgür Eken. 2026. “Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study”. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science 9 (1): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1992001.
EndNote
Aslan H, Şahin M, Emre Serin DD, Arslan F, Ziyagil MA, Eken Ö (September 1, 2026) Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science 9 1 1–14.
IEEE
[1]H. Aslan, M. Şahin, D. D. Emre Serin, F. Arslan, M. A. Ziyagil, and Ö. Eken, “Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study”, MJSS, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–14, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.38021/asbid.1992001.
ISNAD
Aslan, Hüseyin - Şahin, Musa - Emre Serin, Doç. Dr. - Arslan, Fethi - Ziyagil, Mehmet Akif - Eken, Özgür. “Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study”. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science 9/1 (September 1, 2026): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1992001.
JAMA
1.Aslan H, Şahin M, Emre Serin DD, Arslan F, Ziyagil MA, Eken Ö. Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study. MJSS. 2026;9:1–14.
MLA
Aslan, Hüseyin, et al. “Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study”. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, vol. 9, no. 1, Sept. 2026, pp. 1-14, doi:10.38021/asbid.1992001.
Vancouver
1.Hüseyin Aslan, Musa Şahin, Doç. Dr. Emre Serin, Fethi Arslan, Mehmet Akif Ziyagil, Özgür Eken. Investigation of the Effects of 4-Week Core and Functional Training Programs on Physical Fitness Parameters in Soccer Players: An Inactive-Controlled Experimental Study. MJSS. 2026 Sep. 1;9(1):1-14. doi:10.38021/asbid.1992001

27208

Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY-NC 4.0 .

2624526366