Farklı Formatlarda Oynatılan Futbola Özgü Oyunların Ruh Hali ve Zihinsel Yük Cevapları

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, farklı formatlardaki 2v2 dar alan oyunlarında futbolcuların ruh hali ve zihinsel yük cevaplarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 24 amatör futbolcu (yaş: 20.4 ± 3.1) katılmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntem kısmında futbolculara, 3 farklı (kalecili, küçük kaleli ve topa sahip olma) futbola özgü 2v2 dar alan oyunu oynatılmıştır. Oyunlar, 4 set, 2 dakika ve setler arası 2 dakika dinlenme şeklinde oynatılmıştır. Futbolculara oyunlar öncesinde ve sonrasında Brunel Ruh Hali ölçeği ve oyunlar sonrasında NASA TLX zihinsel iş yükü indeksi doldurtulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre, kalecili oyunda bitkinlik, kızgınlık ve dinçlik ruh hallerinde, küçük kaleli oyunda bitkinlik ve dinçlik ve topa sahip olma oyununda ise bitkinlik, depresiflik, kızgınlık ve dinçlik ruh hali cevaplarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıkları görülmüştür (p<0.05). Oyunlarda olumsuz ruh hallerinde artış olduğu görülürken, olumlu ruh hallerinde ise azalma olduğu belirlenmiştir. NASA TLX zihinsel iş yükünde ise, topa sahip olma oyunda rahatsızlık boyutunda anlamlı fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Oyunlardaki Brunel ve NASA TLX cevapları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde, olumlu ve olumsuz ruh halleri ile zihinsel iş yükü arasında ilişki olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05). Topa sahip olma oyununda oyuncular kendilerini daha stresli, hayal kırıklığına uğramış ve güvensiz hissetmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, topa sahip olma oyununda oyuncular daha fazla olumsuz ruh hallerini yaşamaktadır. Olumlu ruh hallerinde ise düşüşler olmaktadır. Antrenörlerin futbola özgü dar alan oyunlarında kullanacakları farklı oyun formatlarında topa sahip olma oyunları yerine oyuncuların algılarını ve dikkatlerini çeşitli yöne çekecek kalecili ve küçük kaleli farklı uygulamalar yapması oyunun zihinsel yükünü azaltacağı gibi futbolcuların keyif ve ruh hallerini de arttıracağı ifade edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• Dar alan oyunları
• Ruh hali
• Zihinsel yük
• Performans
• Performance
• Performance

Mood States and Mental Workload Responses in Different Formats Soccer Spesific Games

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the mood and mental workload (MWL) during 2v2 small-sided games (SSGs) in different formats. Twenty-four amateur soccer players (age: 20.4 ± 3.1) participated in three different soccer-specific 2v2 small-sided games (2v2+goalkeper (GK), mini-goal (MG), possession of the ball (P)). The games were played as 4x2’ and 2’ rest between sets. Mood State and MWL were measured using the Brunel Mood Scale and NASA TLX. Brunel and NASA TLX were collected before and after all SSGs. Fatigue and anger after SSG+GK were higher than the comparison before SSG+MG (p<0.05), and vigour after SSG were decreased before SSG (p <0.05). Fatigue after SSG+MG were higher than comparison before SSGs+MG (p<0.05), and vigour after SSG+MG were decrease before SSG+MG (p <0.05). Fatigue, depression and anger after SSG+P were higher than the comparison before SSG+P (p<0.05), and vigour after SSG+P were decreasing before SSG+P (p <0.05). NASA TLX responses were compared between all of the games result in SSG+P was higher levels of frustration than SSG+GK and, SSG+MG. Correlation coefficients indicate a positive linear relation between Brunel Mood Scale and NASA TLX. It is suggested coaches can use different formats of SSGs in training to different training methods. While possession game can increase physical effort, GK and MG formats of SSGs can use technical and tactical training. In addition SSG with GK or MG lead to decrease MWL and more enjoyment, mood states.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soccer
• Small-sided games
• Mood state
• Mental workload
• Performance

Kaynakça

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