Turizm Kentlerinde Ekonomik Farklılaşma ve İlgili Çeşitlilik

Öz

Turizm, kentsel ekonomik kalkınmayı sağlamada sürücü bir rol üstlenmektedir. Ekonomik kalkınma yazınında, uzun vadede tek varlığa sahip olan kentlerin ekonomik büyüme açısından birçok varlığa sahip olan kentlere kıyasla daha kırılgan olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Ancak yüksek hızla gerçekleşen turizm büyümesinin bir kentte daha güçlü bir ekonomik aynılaşma yaratıp yaratmayacağı tartışmalı olup, bu makalede hızlı turizm büyümesinin sektörle ilgili ve dolaylı olarak ilgili sektörlerin gelişimini tetikleyebildiği, bu kapsamda turizmle ilişkili firmalarda ekonomik bir farklılaşmayı tetikleyeceği iddia edilmektedir. Bu amaçla (evrimsel) ekonomik coğrafya yazını ve turizm yazını eleştirel biçimde değerlendirildikten sonra, Antalya turizm kenti üzerinde il düzeyinde sektör verileri ve aynı zamanda turizmle ilgili ve dolaylı ilgili firmalarla yapılan anket verilerinin niceliksel ilişkisel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak yapılan analizlerin bulguları bu makalede tartışılmaktadır. Bulgular ekonomik farklılaşmanın turizmle ilgili sektörlerde artarak gözlendiğini ve turizmde farklılaşan firmaların ilgili çeşitlilik gösteren firmalarla yakından ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik farklılaşma,Turizm kentleri,İlgili-çeşitlilik,İlgisiz çeşitlilik,Antalya

Economic Diversification and Related Variety in Tourism Cities

Abstract

Tourism is taken as a driver of urban economic growth. It is claimed in the literature that single-asset cities are more fragile than multi asset cities. It is doubted whether a high urban tourism growth implies an ever stronger specialization and a locked-in process of path dependent urban economic development. In this paper, it is claimed that the growth of tourism, by time, stimulates the growth of related and unrelated industries, generates a diversification in the city and stimulates differentiation in tourism firms which have related variety connections. The aim of the paper is to evaluate evolutionary economic geography literature in a very critical way by combining it with tourism literature with a specific focus on tourism actors in Antalya by analyzing quantitatively both from primary interview data from tourism firms and secondary data on sectoral bases. Findings show an increase in economic diversification and strong association between differentiated tourism firms and related variety connections.

Keywords

• Economic diversification,Tourism cities,Related variety,Unrelated variety,Antalya

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