Prioritization of Watersheds on the Southern Slopes of Mount Ida in Terms of Erosion Using Morphometric Analysis

Öz

Erosion is an important issue for basin management due to its adverse impacts on soil and water resources. Increasing erosion along the southern slopes of Mount Ida leads to the transport of considerable amounts of sediment into the Edremit Gulf, particularly following intense rainfall events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the erosion susceptibility of the watersheds located on the southern slopes of Mount Ida based on their morphometric characteristics and to prioritize them in terms of erosion. For this purpose, Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and 10 m resolution digital elevation model were used. A total of 14 linear, areal, and relief morphometric parameters commonly used in erosion studies were analyzed for each watershed. Each morphometric parameter was ranked from 1 to 10 according to its relative importance in relation to erosion. The arithmetic mean of the ranking values was calculated to obtain a compound value for each watershed. Finally, watershed-based erosion prioritization was performed for the 10 watersheds evaluated within the scope of the study based on the obtained compound values. The results of the analysis reveal that the Kızılkeçili watershed was the highest-priority watershed in terms of erosion. It was followed by the Fındık watershed and Kuruçay watershed, and subsequently by the Kurudere, Şahindere, Gürlekdere, Köydere, Zeytinli, Kokarsu, and Mıhlı watersheds. These results can contribute to the prioritization of conservation and rehabilitation activities and to the planning of appropriate conservation measures within basin management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Erosion
• basin management
• watershed prioritization
• morphometric analysis
• Mount Ida

Kaz Dağları’nın Güney Yamaçlarındaki Havzaların Morfometrik Analizlerle Erozyon Açısından Önceliklendirilmesi

Öz

Erozyon, toprak ve su kaynaklarını olumsuz etkilediği için havza yönetimi açısından önemsenen bir konudur. Kaz Dağları’nın güney yamaçları boyunca artan erozyon, özellikle şiddetli yağışlardan sonra Edremit Körfezine dikkat çekici boyutlarda sediment taşınmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Kaz Dağları’nın güney yamaçlarında yer alan havzaları morfometrik özelliklerinden yararlanarak erozyon duyarlılığına göre değerlendirmeyi ve bu doğrultuda erozyon açısından önceliklendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) araçları ve 10 m çözünürlüklü sayısal yükseklik modeli kullanılmıştır. Literatürde erozyon araştırmalarında sıklıkla kullanılan, erozyonla ilgili 14 adet çizgisel, alansal ve rölyef morfometrik parametre her bir havza bazında analiz edilmiştir. Havzaların erozyon önceliğini değerlendirmek için her bir morfometrik analiz sonucu erozyon açısından önemine göre 1’den 10’a sıralanmış ve bu sıra değerlerinin ortalamasının alınmasıyla her bir havza için genel erozyon duyarlılığını temsil eden bir bileşik değer hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak araştırma kapsamında değerlendirilen 10 akarsu havzası için elde edilen bileşik değerlere göre havza bazında erozyon önceliklendirmesi yapılmıştır. Erozyon açısından en öncelikli havza Kızılkeçili Havzası olarak tespit edilmiştir. Onu ikinci sırada eşit öncelik değerine sahip Fındık ve Kuruçay Havzası takip ederken; arkasından sırayla Kurudere, Şahindere, Gürlekdere, Köydere, Zeytinli, Kokarsu ve Mıhlı Havzası gelmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, havza yönetiminde koruma ve rehabilitasyon çalışmalarının önceliklendirilmesine ve alınması gereken tedbirlerin planlanmasına katkı sağlaması açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Erozyon
• havza yönetimi
• havza önceliklendirmesi
• morfometrik analiz
• Kaz Dağları

Kaynakça

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