Araştırma Makalesi
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Sectoral decomposition and labor efficiency

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1, 93 - 101, 31.01.2022

Öz

This study analyzes the shares of the sectors that make up the whole economy in total employment and compares the sectoral productivity. In developed countries, productivity differences between sectors have been minimized; however, in countries that do not base their structural transformation on productivity, productivity gaps between sectors are high and employment is concentrated in certain sectors. In order to increase productivity and make economic growth sustainable, it is necessary to achieve structural transformation and increase the productivity of the sectors themselves. First of all, in this study, the changes in sectoral employment and added values in Turkey are analyzed by calculating the structural transformation index with sectoral data between the years 2009-2019. In addition to structural transformation, sectoral decomposition analysis is carried out and the within effects of sectors and the effect of structural transformation on total productivity are examined. The results of the study show that the structural transformation did not occur during the selected period, while the increased productivity was due to the internal effects of the sectors in accordance with the literatüre.

Kaynakça

  • Aydıner Avşar, N. ve Onaran, Ö. (2010), The determinants of employment: A sectoral analysis for Turkey, The Developing Economies, 48 (2), 203-231.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1967), Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of urban crisis, American Economic Review, 57 (3), 415-26.
  • Bosworth, B. ve Collins, S., (2008), Accounting for growth: comparing China and India, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22 (1), 45–66.
  • D’Agostino, A., Serafini, R. ve Ward-Warmedinger, M. (2006), Sectoral explanations of employment in Europe: The role of services. Working paper series 625. Frankfurt: European Central Bank.
  • De Vries, G. J., Erumban, A. A., Timmer, M. P., Voskoboynikov, I. ve Wu, H. (2012), Deconstructing the BRICs: Structural Transformation and Aggregate Productivity Growth, Journal of Comparative Economics, 40(2): 211–27. doi:10.1016/j.jce.2012.02.004
  • Eichengreen, B. ve Poonam, G. (2009), Two Waves of Services Growth, Oxford Economic Papers, 65, 96–123. Havlik, P. (2013), Structural change and economic growth in the new EU member states, mimeo (GRINCOH delivery P1.4), Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies.
  • Herman, E. (2016), The Importance of the Manufacturing Sector in the Romanian Economy, Procedia Technology. 22 (1), 976–983.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Timmer, M. P., (2011), Structural change in advanced nations: a new set of stylised facts. Scandinavian Journal of Economics. 113 (1), 1–29.
  • Kepenek, Y. (2014), Türkiye Ekonomisi, Remzi Kitapevi İstanbul.
  • Keskin, M., Çakmak, E. ve Özdemir, D. (2020), Ekonomilerde yapısal dönüşüm ve belirleyicileri: Seçilmiş gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler üzerine bir panel veri analizi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22 (2), 169-187.
  • Kuusk, A., Staehr, K. ve Varblane, U. (2017), Sectoral change and labour productivity growth during boom, bust and recovery in Central and Eastern Europe, Economic Change and Restructuring, 50, 21–43.
  • Leamer, E. (2007), Housing Is the Business Cycle. Working Paper 13438, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
  • Linehan, S. ve McQuinn, K. (2008), A Sectoral Analysis of the Average Work Week in Euro Area countries, Quarterly Bulletin, Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland, 3, 68-79.
  • McMillan, M. ve Rodrik, D. (2011), Globalization, structural change and productivity growth. içinde: Bacchetta M, Jense M (eds) Making globalization socially sustainable, International Labour Organization and World Trade Organization, 49–84.
  • Paus, E. (2014), Latin America and the Middle Income Trap, United Nations ECLAC Financing for Development Series, 250. Peneder, M. (2003), Industrial structure and aggregate growth, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 14(4), 427–448.
  • Swiecki, T. (2017), Determinants of Structural Change. Review of Economic Dynamics, 24, 95-131.
  • Timmer, M.P, Inklaar R, O’Mahony M. ve van Ark B. (2010), Economic growth içinde Europe. Cambridge University Press, A Comparative Industry Perspective.

Sektörel ayrışma ve emek verimliliği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1, 93 - 101, 31.01.2022

Öz

Bu çalışma ekonominin bütününü oluşturan sektörlerin toplam istihdam içerisinde aldıkları payları analiz ederek, sektörel verimlilikleri karşılaştırmaktadır. Gelişmiş ülkelerde sektörlerin verimlikleri arasındaki fark en aza indirilmiştir; ancak yapısal dönüşümünü sağlam temellere dayandırmayan ülkelerde sektörler arası verimlilik farkları yüksek olmakta ve istihdam belirli sektörlerde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Toplam verimi artırmak ve ekonomik büyümeyi sürdürülebilir hale getirmek için yapısal dönüşümü sağlamanın yanı sıra sektörlerin kendi verimliliklerini artırmak gereklidir. Öncelikle bu çalışmada, 2009-2019 yılları arasındaki sektörel verilerle yapısal dönüşüm endeksi hesaplanarak seçilen yıllar içerisinde Türkiye’de sektörel istihdamın ve katma değerlerin değişimleri analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal dönüşümün yanı sıra sektörel ayrışma analizi yapılarak, toplam verimliliğinin ne ölçüde sektörlerin iç etkilerinden kaynaklandığı ve ne ölçüde yapısal dönüşümden kaynaklandığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, yapısal dönüşümün seçilen dönem içerisinde gerçekleşmediğini, artan verimliliğin ise literatüre uyumlu olarak sektörlerin iç etkilerinden kaynaklandığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aydıner Avşar, N. ve Onaran, Ö. (2010), The determinants of employment: A sectoral analysis for Turkey, The Developing Economies, 48 (2), 203-231.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1967), Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of urban crisis, American Economic Review, 57 (3), 415-26.
  • Bosworth, B. ve Collins, S., (2008), Accounting for growth: comparing China and India, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22 (1), 45–66.
  • D’Agostino, A., Serafini, R. ve Ward-Warmedinger, M. (2006), Sectoral explanations of employment in Europe: The role of services. Working paper series 625. Frankfurt: European Central Bank.
  • De Vries, G. J., Erumban, A. A., Timmer, M. P., Voskoboynikov, I. ve Wu, H. (2012), Deconstructing the BRICs: Structural Transformation and Aggregate Productivity Growth, Journal of Comparative Economics, 40(2): 211–27. doi:10.1016/j.jce.2012.02.004
  • Eichengreen, B. ve Poonam, G. (2009), Two Waves of Services Growth, Oxford Economic Papers, 65, 96–123. Havlik, P. (2013), Structural change and economic growth in the new EU member states, mimeo (GRINCOH delivery P1.4), Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies.
  • Herman, E. (2016), The Importance of the Manufacturing Sector in the Romanian Economy, Procedia Technology. 22 (1), 976–983.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Timmer, M. P., (2011), Structural change in advanced nations: a new set of stylised facts. Scandinavian Journal of Economics. 113 (1), 1–29.
  • Kepenek, Y. (2014), Türkiye Ekonomisi, Remzi Kitapevi İstanbul.
  • Keskin, M., Çakmak, E. ve Özdemir, D. (2020), Ekonomilerde yapısal dönüşüm ve belirleyicileri: Seçilmiş gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler üzerine bir panel veri analizi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22 (2), 169-187.
  • Kuusk, A., Staehr, K. ve Varblane, U. (2017), Sectoral change and labour productivity growth during boom, bust and recovery in Central and Eastern Europe, Economic Change and Restructuring, 50, 21–43.
  • Leamer, E. (2007), Housing Is the Business Cycle. Working Paper 13438, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
  • Linehan, S. ve McQuinn, K. (2008), A Sectoral Analysis of the Average Work Week in Euro Area countries, Quarterly Bulletin, Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland, 3, 68-79.
  • McMillan, M. ve Rodrik, D. (2011), Globalization, structural change and productivity growth. içinde: Bacchetta M, Jense M (eds) Making globalization socially sustainable, International Labour Organization and World Trade Organization, 49–84.
  • Paus, E. (2014), Latin America and the Middle Income Trap, United Nations ECLAC Financing for Development Series, 250. Peneder, M. (2003), Industrial structure and aggregate growth, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 14(4), 427–448.
  • Swiecki, T. (2017), Determinants of Structural Change. Review of Economic Dynamics, 24, 95-131.
  • Timmer, M.P, Inklaar R, O’Mahony M. ve van Ark B. (2010), Economic growth içinde Europe. Cambridge University Press, A Comparative Industry Perspective.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Volkan Kaymaz 0000-0001-7556-9507

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Ocak 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaymaz, V. (2022). Sektörel ayrışma ve emek verimliliği. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 36(1), 93-101.

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