Effects of Organic Selenium and Vitamin E Supplementation on Some Bioelements in Blood an Egg of Laying Hens

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E (Vit-E, α-tocopherol acetate) and

selenium (selenomethionine) and a combination of the two, on the selenium, copper, zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium

levels in the serum, yolk and albumen of egg. Ninety-six white Lohman LSL laying hens were randomly divided into 4 equal

groups (n=24). The groups were fed with the diets that consisted of basal diet (Control), basal diet + 250 mg / kg Vit-E (Trial-

I), basal diet + 0.9 mg/kg Se (Trial-II) and basal diet + 250 mg/kg Vit-E + 0.9 mg/ kg Se (Trial-III) respectively for 12 weeks. Diet

and water were provided as ad libitum. At the end of the experiment, samples of the blood and egg were collected and stored

at -20 ºC until analyzes. In samples bioelements levels were analyzed by ICP-MS. As a result, the addition of organic selenium

and Vit-E alone and in combination to laying hens rations were increased Se, Zn and Fe levels in serum, egg white and egg

yolk, Cu levels decreased in serum and egg white, whereas in the egg yolk that the decrease in the group fed with rations

supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg Se and the levels of Ca and Mg remained unaffected when the experimental and control

groups. In conclusion, it is suggested that organic selenium and vitamin E be added alone and in combination to egg hen

rations in order to increase egg quality and prolong shelf life.

Keywords

• Bioelements,Blood,Egg sample,Laying hen

Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Organik Selenyum ve Vitamin E İlavesinin Kan ve Yumurtada Bazı Biyoelement Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına vitamin E (Vit-E, α-tokoferol asetat) ve selenyumun (selenometiyonin) tek

başına ve kombine olarak ilavesinin serum, yumurta akı ve yumurta sarısında selenyum, bakır, çinko, demir, kalsiyum ve

magnezyum düzeyleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, 96 adet beyaz Lohman yumurta tavuğu, eşit

sayıda (n=24) 4 gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar sırasıyla bazal yem (Kontrol), bazal yem + 250 mg/kg Vit-E (D-I), bazal yem + 0.9 mg/ kg

Se (DII) ve bazal yem + 250 mg/kg Vit-E+ 0.9 mg/ kg Se (D-III) içeren rasyonlar ve su ile 12 hafta, adlibitum olarak beslendi.

Deneme sonunda, her gruptan alınan kan ve yumurtada biyoelement düzeyleri, ICP-MS cihazı ile analiz edildi. Deneme

gruplarının serum, yumurta sarısı ve yumurta akında Se, Zn ve Fe düzeyleri kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiki

olarak önemli derecede artarken (P<0.05), Cu düzeyleri serum ve yumurta akında önemli derecede azaldığı (P<0.05), yumurta

sarısında ise 0.9 mg/kg Se ilave edilen rasyonlar ile beslenen gruptaki azalmanın önemli (P<0.05) olduğu, Ca ve Mg

düzeylerinin ise etkilenmediği bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, organik selenyumun ve vitamin E’nin yumurtanın kalitesinin

artırılmasında ve raf ömrünün uzatılmasında, yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına tek başına ve kombinasyonu şeklinde ilave

edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyoelementler,Kan,Yumurta,Yumurtacı tavuk

Kaynakça

1. 1. Korhonen H., 2002. Technology options for new nutritional concept. Int J Daıry Technol 55(2): 79-87.
2. 2. Jimenez-Colmenero F, Carballo J, Cofrades S., 2001. Healthier meat and meat products: their role as functional foods. Meat Science, 59: 5-13.
3. 3. Açıkgöz Z, Önenç SS., 2006. Fonksiyonel yumurta üretimi. Hayvansal Üretim,47(1): 36-46.
4. 4. Tekeli A, Yıldız G., 2012. Yumurtanın besleyici değeri ve sağlığı güçlendirici bileşenleri. Yem Magazin, , 63: 48-56.
5. 5. Costa FGP, Nobre IS, Silva LPG., 2008. The use of prebiotic and organic minerals in rations for Japanese laying quail. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7 (4): 339-343.
6. 6. Hartman C, Wilhelmson M., 2001. The hens egg yolk a source of biologically active substances. World's Poultry Science Journal, 57: 13-28.
7. 7. Leeson S, Caston LJ., 2003. Vitamin enrichment of eggs. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12:24-26
8. 8. Galobart J, Barroeta AC, Baucells MD, Codony R, Ternest W., 2001. Effects of dietary supplementation with rosemary extract and α- tocopheryl acetate on lipid oxidation in eggs enriched with ω-3 fatty acids. Poultry Science, 80: 460-467. 9. Canoğulları S, Ayaşan T, Baylan M, Çopur G., 2010. Yumurtacı japon bıldırcınlarının karma yemlerine organik ve inorganik selenyum katkısının yumurta verim parametreleri ile yumurta selenyum içeriğine etkileri. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 16 (5): 743-749.

9. 10. Ayaşan T., 2007. Hayvan beslemede organik iz mineraller. Ç.Ü.Z.F. Dergisi, 22 (1):21–28.
10. 11. Eren M, Güçlü BK, Uyanık F, Karabulut F., 2006. The effects of dietary boron supplementation on performance, carcass composition and serum lipids in Japanese quails. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 5: 1105-1108.
11. 12. Kasnak C, Palamutoğlu R., 2015. Doğal antioksidanların sınıflandırılması ve insan sağlığına etkileri. Türk Tarım – Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 3(5): 226-234.
12. 13. Fan C, Yu B, Chen D., 2009. Effects of different sources and levels of selenium on performance, thyroid function and antioxidant status in stressed broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 8 (6): 583-587.
13. 14. Demirel R, Alınca S, Şentürk Demirel D. İnsan ve hayvan beslenmesinde antioksidanlar. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2007, 12 (1-2): 27-36
14. 15. Lin YF, Tsai HL, Lee YC, Chang SJ., 2005. Maternal vitamin E supplementation affects the antioxidant capability and oxidative status of hatching chicks. J. Nutr.,135(10): 2457-2461.
15. 16. Ripoll G, Joy M, Munoz F., 2011. Use of dietary vitamin E and selenium (Se) to increase the shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged light lamb meat. Meat Science, 87(1): 88-93.
16. 17. Al-Attar AM., 2011. Antioxidant effect of vitamin E treatment on some heavy metals-induced renal and testicular injuries in male mice. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, , 18: 63–72.
17. 18. Kralik G, Gajcevic Z, Suchy P, Strakova E, Hanzek D., 2009. Effects of dietary selenium source and storage on internal quality of eggs. Acta Vet. Brno.78, 219-222 19. Attia YA, Abdalah AA, Zeweil HS, Bovera F, Tag El-Din AA, Araft MA., 2010. Effect of inorganic or organic selenium supplementation on productive performance, egg quality and some physiological traits of dual-purpose breeding hens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 55, (11): 505–519.
18. 20. Pan C, Huang K, Zhao Y, Qın S, Chen F, Hu Q., 2007. Effect of selenium source and level in hen’s diet on tissue selenium deposition and egg selenium concentrations. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 1027-1032 J.
19. 21. Gajcevic Z, Kralik G, Schön EH, Pavic V., 2009. Effect of organic selenium supplemented to layer diet on table egg freshness and selenium content. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8, 189-199.
20. 22. Arpasova H, Petrovic V, Mellen M, Kacaniova M, Cobanova K, Leng L., 2009. The effects of supplementing sodium selenite and selenized yeast to the diet for laying hens on the quality and mineral content of eggs. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 18: 90–100
21. 23. Chantiratikul A, Chinrasri O, Chantiratikul P.,2008. Effect of sodium selenite and zinc-l-selenomethionine on performance and selenium concentrations in eggs of laying hens. AJAS., 21(7):1048-1052.
22. 24. Gjorgovska N, Kiril F, Vesna L, Tosho K., 2012. The effect of different levels of selenium in feed on egg production, egg quality and selenium content in yolk. Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, 57(1):270-274.
23. 25. Osman AMR, Abdel Wahed HM, Ragab MS., 2010. Effects of supplementing laying hens diets with organic selenium on egg production, egg quality, fertility and hatchability. Egypt Poultry Science, Vol. 30: 893-915.
24. 26. Radmıla M, Bı J, Baltıc M, Sefer D, Petrujkıc B, Sınovec Z., 2008. Effects of selenium supplementation as sodium selenite or selenized yeast and different amounts of vitamin E on selenium and vitamin E status of broilers. Acta Veterinaria Beograd, 58 (4), 369-380.
25. 27. Scheideler SE, Weber P, Monsalve D., 2010. Supplemental vitamin E and selenium effects on egg production, egg quality, and egg deposition of α-tocopherol and selenium. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 19: 354–360
26. 28. Sheng Z, Jiakui L, Haijian L, Bin L, Xiaolong W., 2002. Investigation of selenium content of egg samples from three major commercial cities along the lower reaches of the Changjiang River. Research in Veterinary Science, 72:7-9.
27. 29. Gravena RA, Marques RH, Roccon J, Picarelli J, Hada FH, Da Silva JDT, De Queiroz SA, De Moraes VMB., 2011. Egg quality during storage and deposition of minerals in eggs from quails fed diets supplemented with organic selenium, zinc and manganese. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40 (12), 2767-2775.
28. 30. Skrivan M. Skrivanova V, Marounek M., 2005. Effect of dietary zinc, iron and copper in layer feed on distribution of these elements in eggs, liver, excreta, soil and herbage. Poultry Science, 84, 1570–1575.
29. 31. Apsite M, Berzina N, Basova N., 2012. Effects of high but non-toxic dietary intake of selenium and copper on indices of the antioxidant defence system and on accumulation of trace elements in chicks. Proceedings of The Latvian Academy of Sciences, 678:117–124.
30. 32. Paik I., Hankyu L., Sewan P., 2009. Effect of organic iron supplementation on the performance and iron content in egg yolk of laying hens. Japan Poult. Sci., 46: 198-202.
31. 33. Pappas AC, Zoidis E, Georgiou CA, ND Peter, Surai F, Fegeros K., 2012. Influence of organic selenium supplementation on the accumulation of toxic and essential trace elements involved in the antioxidant system of chicken. http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/tfac Email: [e-mail]. 17 Feb 34. Gambling L, Andersen HS, McArdle HJ., 2008. Iron and copper, and their interactions during development. Biochemical Society Transactions, 36: 1258-1261.
32. 35. Zoidis E, Pappas AC, Georgiou CA, Komaitis Ε, Fegeros K., 2010. Selenium affects the expression of GPx4 and catalase in the liver of chicken. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B, 155:294-300.
33. 36. Bau R, Guardiola F, Barroeta AC, Codony R., 2005. Effect of dietary fat sources and zinc and selenium supplements on the composition and consumer acceptability of chicken meat. Poultry Science, 84:1129-1140.
34. 37. Şahin N, Şahin K, Önderci M., 2003. Vitamin E and selenium supplementation to alleviate cold- stress-associated deterioration in egg quality and egg yolk mineral concentrations of japanese quails. Biol Trace Elem Res.,96, 179-189 . 38. Pasha Q, Malik SA, Shah MH., 2008. Statistical analysis of trace metals in the plasma of cancer patients versus controls. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 153: 1215-1221.
35. 39. Nordberg GF.,2009. Historical perspectives on cadmium toxicology. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 238:192-200 . 40. Gailer J. Reactive selenium metabolites as targets of toxic/ metals/metalloids in mammals: A molecular toxicological perspective. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 2002, 16:701–707.
36. 41. Ertaş ON, Çiftçi M, Güler T, Dalkılıç B., 2006. Sıcaklık stresi altında yetiştirilen bıldırcınlarda tatlı su midyesi kabuklarının kalsiyum kaynağı olarak kullanılma olanakları yumurta verimi ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi. F. Ü. Sağ. Bil. Vet. Derg., 20 (1), 15-20.
37. 42. Kahraman A, Küçük O., 2010. Yumurta tavuğu karma yemlerine katılan metiyonin ve magnezyumun canlı performansa, yumurta verimi ve kalitesine etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(1) 34-41.
38. 43. Kocaoğlu GB, İşcan KM., 2004, Farklı düzeylerde kalsiyum içeren yumurta tavuğu rasyonuna eggshell-49 ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 51, 219-224.