Urtica dioica L. ve Myrtus communis L. Yapraklarının Sulu ve Etanolik Ekstraktlarının Sığır Sindirim Strongilozu Üzerine Antelmintik Aktivitesi: İn-vitro Çalışma

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 273 - 283, 25.12.2019

Lotfi Moussounı Omar Besseboua Abdelhanine Ayad

https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.555996

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu araştırma, doğal olarak enfekte sığırlarda sindirim strongilozu üzerine M. communis ve U. dioica in-vitro antelmintik aktivitesini değerlendirmeyi amaçladı. Ekstraktların antelmintik aktiviteleri, yumurta tarama testi ve larva mortalite testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. M. communis ve U. dioica'nın yaprak tozu, maserasyon ile özütlendi. Etanolik ve su ekstreleri 0.78, 1.55, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25 ve 50 mg/ml'de test edildi. Albendazol ve DMSO, sırasıyla 20 mg/ml ve %3 konsantrasyonunda pozitif ve negatif kontrol olarak kullanıldı. Regresyon hattı sonuçları, Urtica dioica EE ve EA'nın LC50'sinin sırasıyla 2.57, 3.02 ve 3.22 mg/ml olduğundan oldukça düşük değerlere sahipti; ve embriyonasyon yumurtalarının inhibisyonu, kuluçka hızı ve L1 mortalitesi değerleri sırasıyla, 4.90, 4.67 ve 3.24 mg/ml'idi. Maksimum ortalama embriyonasyon oranı AE ve EE U. dioica'da 25 ve 50 mg/ml konsantrasyonda %100'iken; M. communis, AE ve EE için sırasıyla 50mg/ml konsantrasyonda maksimum % 57.1 ± 3.12 ve % 63.95 ± 3.01 olarak kaydedildi. U. dioica özlerinin yüksek etkisi (%100) her iki ekstrede 25 ve 50 mg/ml ile gözlenirken, M. communis'de ise AE ve EE için 50mg/ml konsantrasyonda yüksek düzeyde kaydedildi (sırasıyla %58.05±3.69 ve 65.13±3.13). U. dioica'nın hem AE hem de EE için larval mortalite oranı, 25 ve 50 mg/ml'deki ekstrelerin 24 saatlik temasında %100 olarak görüldü. Sonuç olarak, bu bulgular U. dioica ve M. communis yapraklarının sulu ve etanolik ekstraktlarının, sığır strongiloz parazit larvaları üzerinde potansiyel bir antelmintik aktiviteye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urtica dioica, Myrtus communis, Antelmintik, In-vitro, Sığır, Urtica dioica

Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Urtica dioica L. and Myrtus communis L. Leaves on Bovine Digestive Strongyles: In-Vitro Study

Öz

The present research aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anthelmintic activity of M. communis and U. dioica against digestive strongyles in naturally infected cattle. The anthelmintic activities of the extracts were evaluated using the egg hatch assay and larval mortality assay. Leaves powder of M. communis and U. dioica was extracted by maceration. Ethanolic and water extracts were test at 0.78, 1.55, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml. Albendazole and DMSO was used as a positive and negative control at concentration 20 mg/ml and 3%, respectively. The results of regression line indicated that LC50 of Urtica dioica EE and EA were very low namely 2.57, 3.02 and 3.22 mg/ml; and 4.90, 4.67 and 3.24 mg/ml for inhibition of embryonation eggs, hatching rate and L1 mortality, respectively. The mean embryonation rate maximum was 100% at 25 and 50 mg/ml concentration in AE and EE U. dioica; whereas M. communis recorded a maximum level of 57.1 ± 3.12% and 63.95 ± 3.01% at 50 mg/ml concentration for the AE and EE, respectively. The extracts of U. dioica leaves high effects (100%) were observed with 25 and 50 mg/ml in both extracts, whereas M. communis recorded a high level at 50mg/ml concentration for the AE and EE (58.05±3.69% and 65.13±3.13%, respectively). The larval mortality rate of both AE and EE from U. dioica showed that the extracts at and 25 and 50 mg/ml exhibited 100 % at 24h of contact. In conclusion, these findings showed that, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of U. dioica and M. communis leaves have a potential anthelmintic activity on eggs and larvae of bovine strongly parasites.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anthelmintic, Cattle, In-vitro, Myrtus communis, Urtica dioica

Kaynakça

• 1. Moussouni L., Benhanifia M., Saidi M., Ayad A., 2018. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism infections in cattle of Bass Kabylie Area: Case of Bejaia Province, Algeria. Mac Vet Rev, 41, 73-82. 2. Saeed M., Iqbal Z., Jabbar A., Masood S., Babar W., Saddiqi HA., Yaseen M., Sarwar M., Arshad M.,2010. Multiple anthelmintic resistance and the possible contributory factors in Beetal goats in an irrigated area (Pakistan). Res Vet Sci, 88, 267-272. 3. Sutherland IA., Leathwick DM., 2011. Anthelmintic resistance in nematode parasites of cattle: a global issue?. Trends Parasitol, 27, 176-181. 4. Nissen S., Poulsen IH., Nejsum P., Olsen A., Roepstorff A., Rubaire-Akiiki C., Thamsborg SM., 2011. Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in growing pigs in Kabale District in Uganda. Trop Anim Health Prod, 43, 567-572. 5. Ahmed M., Singh MN., Bera AK., Bandyopadhyay S., Bhattacharya D.,2011. Molecular basis for identification of species/isolates of gastrointestinal nematode parasites. Asian Pac J Trop Med, 4, 589-593. 6. Laudato M., Capasso R., 2013. Useful plants for animal therapy. OA Altern Med, 1, 1-6. 7. Iqbal Z., Lateef M., Ashraf M., Jabbar A., 2004. Anthelmintic activity of Artemisia brevifolia in sheep. J Ethnopharmacol, 93, 265-268. 8. Ferreira JF., Peaden P., Keiser J., 2011. In vitro trematocidal effects of crude alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, Asimina triloba, and Fumaria officinalis. Parasitol Res, 109, 1585-1592. 9. Yadav AK., Tangpu V., 2008. Anticestodal activity of Adhatoda vasica extract against Hymenolepis diminuta infections in rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 119, 322-324. 10. Eguale T., Tadesse D., Giday M., 2011. In vitro anthelmintic activity of crude extracts of five medicinal plants against egg-hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus. J Ethnopharmacol, 137, 108-113. 11. Kabore A., Traore A., Nignan M., Gnanda BI., Bamogo V., Tamboura HH., Bele MAMG., 2012. In vitro anthelmintic activity of Leuceana leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. (Mimosaceae) and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Steud (Fabaceae) leave extracts on Haemonchus contortus ova and larvae. J Chem Pharm Res, 4, 303-309. 12. Moussouni L., Benhanifia M., Ayad A.,2018. In-vitro anthelmintic effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Marrubium vulgare leaves against bovine digestive strongyles. Turkiye Parazitol Derg, 42, 262-267. 13. Asgarpanah J., Ariamanesh A., 2015. Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Myrtus communis L. Indian J Tradit Know, 1, 82-87. 14. Yoshimura M., Amakura Y., Tokuhara M., Yoshida T., 2008. Polyphenolic compounds isolated from the leaves of Myrtus communis. J Nat Med, 62, 366-368. 15. Franciskovic M., Anackov G., Svircev E., Sibul F., Simin N., Orcic D., Mimica-Dukic N., 2015. Comparative analysis of total phenolic content and biological potential of Urticadioica L. and Urtica kioviensis extracts. Planta Med, 81, PW-212. 16. Qujeq D., Davary S., Moazzi Z., Mahjoub S., 2011. Effect of Urtica dioica leaf extract on activities of nucleoside diphosphate kinase and acetyl coenzyme, a carboxylase, in normal and hyperglycemic rats. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 5, 792-796. 17. Kataki MS., Murugamani V., Rajkumari A., Singh P., Mehra DA., Yadav RS., 2012. Antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anthelmintic activities of methanol extract of Urticadioica L. leaves. Pharm Crop, 3, 38-46. 18. Sen A., Yuksel M., Bulut G., Bitis L., Ercan F., Ozyilmaz‐Yay N., Akbulut O., Cobanoğlu H., Ozkan S., Sener G., 2017. Therapeutic potential of Myrtus communis subsp. communis extract against acetic acid‐induced colonic inflammation in rats. J Food Biochem, 41, e12297. 19. Ghaima KK., Hashim NM., Ali SA., 2013. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate extract of nettle (Urtica dioica) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). J Appl Pharm Sci, 3, 96. 20. Cherrat L., Espina L., Bakkali M., Garcia‐Gonzalo D., Pagan R., Laglaoui A., 2014. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Laurus nobilis L. and Myrtus communis L. essential oils from Morocco and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity acting alone or in combined processes for food preservation. J Sci Food Agric, 94, 1197-1204. 21. Benkhayal FA., El-Ageeli WH., Ramesh S., Farg-hamd M., 2009. Antihyperglycaemic effects of volatile oils extracted from Rosemarinus officinalis and Artemisia cinae in diabeticrats. Tamilnadu J Vet Anim Sci, 5, 216-218. 22. Mohamadi Saei M., Beiranvand K., Khalesi MK., Mehrabi F., 2016. Effects of dietary savory and myrtle essential oils on growth, survival, nutritional indices, serum biochemistry, and Hematology of farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fry. J World Aquacult Soc, 47, 779-785. 23. Eloff JNA., 1998. Sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Med, 64, 711-713. 24. Chollet J., Martrenchar A., Bouchel D., Njoya A., 1994. Epidemiologie des parasitoses digestives des jeunes bovins dans le Nord-Cameroun. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop, 47, 365-374. 25. Coles G., Bauer C., Borgsteede F., Geerts S., Klei T., Taylor M., Waller PJ., 1992. World association for the advancement of veterinary parasitology (WAAVP) methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Vet Parasitol, 44, 35-44. 26. Wabo JP., Bilong CB., Mpoame M., 2010. In vitro nematicidal activity of extracts of Canthium mannii (Rubiaceae), on different life-cycle stages of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda, Heligmosomatidae). J Helminthol, 84, 156-165. 27. Wabo PJ., Bilong CB., Mpoame M., Ngwa CF., Coles C., 2006. In vitro activity of ethanol, cold and hot water extracts of the stem bark of Canthium mannii (Rubiaceae) on Ancylostoma caninum eggs. East Cent Afr J Pharma Sci, 9, 14-18. 28. Smyth JD., 1996. Animal Parasitology, 3rd ed. London, UK: Cambridge University Press. 29. Morrison AA., Mitchell S., Mearns R., Richards I., Matthews JB., Bartley DJ., 2014. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of benzimidazole resistance in the ovine parasite Nematodirus battus. Vet Res, 45, 116. 30. Waller PJ., Bernes G., Thamsborg SM., Sukura A., Richter SH., Ingebrigtsen K., Höglund J.,2001. Plants as de-worming agents of livestock in the Nordic countries: historical perspective, popular beliefs and prospects for the future. Acta Vet Scand, 42, 31. 31. Torres-Acosta JFJ., Hoste H., 2008. Alternative or improved methods to limit gastro-intestinal parasitism in grazing sheep and goats. Small Rumin Res, 77, 159-173. 32. Athanasiadou S., Houdijk J., Kyriazakis I., 2008. Exploiting synergisms and interactions in the nutritional approaches to parasite control in sheep production systems. Small Rumin Res, 76, 2-11. 33. Cheng G., Hao H., Xie S., Wang X., Dai M., Huang L., Yuan Z., 2014. Antibiotic alternatives: the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry?. Front microbiol, 5, 217. 34. Molan AL., Alexander RA., Brookes IM., McNabb WC., 2000. Effects of an extract from sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) containing condensed tannins on the migration of three sheep gastrointestinal nematodes in vitro. In Proceedings of the New Zealand Soc Anim Product, 60, 21-25. 35. Daoudi A., Sabiri M., Bammou M., Zair T., Ibijbijen J., Nassiri L., 2015. Valorisation des extraits de trois espèces du genre Urtica: Urtica urens L., Urtica membranacea Poiret et Urtica pilulifera L. J Appl Biosci, 87, 8094-8104. 36. Kalmobe J., Ndjonka D., Boursou D., Vildina JD., Liebau E., 2017. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Lophira lanceolata (Ochnaceae) on the bovine parasite Onchocerca ochengi and on drug resistant strains of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. BMC Complement Altern Med, 17, 404. 37. Al-Shaibani IRM., Phulan MS., Arijo A., Qureshi TA., 2008. Ovicidal and larvicidal properties of Adhatoda vasica (L.) extracts against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in vitro. Pak Vet J, 28, 79-83. 38. Suteky T., Dwatmadji T., 2011. Anthelmintic activity of Melastomamalabatricum extract on Haemonchus contortus activity in vitro. Asian J Pharm Clinical Res, 4, 68-70. 39. Tiwari P., Kumar B., Kumar M., Kaur M., Debnath J., Sharma P., 2011. Comparative anthelmintic activity of aqueous and ethanolic stem extract of Tinospora cordifolia. Int J Drug Devev Res, 3, 70-83. 40. Mohammedi Z., Atik F., 2011. Impact of solvent extraction type on total polyphenols content and biological activity from Tamarix aphylla (L.) karst. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2, 209-215. 41. Bimakr M., Rahman A., Taip FS., Ganjloo A., Salleh LM., Selamat J., Hamid A., ZaidulI SM., 2011. Comparison of different extraction methods for the extraction of major bioactive flavonoid compounds from spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaves. Food Bioprod Process, 89, 67-72. 42. Dai J., Mumper RJ., 2010. Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules, 15, 7313-7352. 43. Hernandez-Villegas MM., Borges-Argaez R., Rodriguez-Vivas RI., Torres-Acosta JFJ., Mendez-Gonzalez M., Caceres-Farfan M., 2011. Ovicidal and larvicidal activity of the crude extracts from Phytolacca icosandra against Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol, 179, 100-106. 44. Ferreira LE., Castro PMN., Chagas ACS., França SC., Beleboni RO., 2013. In vitro anthelmintic activity of aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata L.(Annonaceae) against Haemonchus contortus from sheep. Exp Parasitol, 134, 327-332. 45. Cala AC., Chagas ACS., Oliveira MCS., Matos AP., Borges LMF., Sousa LAD., Souza FA., Oliveira GP., 2012. In vitro anthelmintic effect of Melia azedarach L. and Trichilia claussenii C. against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. Exp Parasitol, 130, 98-102. 46. Maciel MV., Morais SM., Bevilaqua CML., Camurça-Vasconcelos ALF., Costa CTC., Castro CMS., 2006. Ovicidal and larvicidal activity of Melia azedarach extracts on Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol, 140, 98-104. 47. Adiele RC., Fakae BB., Isuzu IU., 2013. Anthelmintic activity of Securidaca longepedunculata (Family: Polygalaceae) root extract in mice, in vitro and in vivo. Asian Pacc J Trop Med, 6, 841-846. 48. Brunet S., Jackson F., Hoste H., 2008. Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) extract and monomers of condensed tannins on the association of abomasal nematode larvae with fundic explants. Int J Parasitol, 38, 783-790. 49. Minho AP., Bueno ICDS., Louvandini H., Jackson F., Gennari SM., Abdalla AL., 2008. Effect of Acacia molissima tannin extract on the control of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 147, 172-181. 50. Minho AP., Filippsen LF., Amarante AFTD., Abdalla AL., 2010. Efficacy of condensed tannin presents in acacia extract on the control of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. Cienc Rural, 40, 1360-1365. 51. Hoste H., Jackson F., Athanasiadou S., Thamsborg SM., Hoskin SO., 2006. The effects of tannin-rich plants on parasitic nematodes in ruminants. Trends Parasitol, 22, 253-261. 52. Ademola IO., Akanbi AI., Idowu SO., 2005. Comparative nematocidal activity of chromatographic fractions of leucaena leucocephala seed against gastrointestinal sheep nematodes. Pharma Biol, 43, 599-604. 53. Bouterfas K., Mehdadi Z., Elaoufi MM., Latreche A., Benchiha W.,2016. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoids content variations of leaves extracts of white Horehound (Marrubium vulgare Linne) from three geographical origins. Ann Pharm Fr, 75, 453-462. 54. Wabo Pone J., Fossi Tankoua O., Yondo J., Komtangi MC., Mbida M., Bilong CF., 2011. The in vitro effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Ageratumconyzoides (Asteraceae) on three life cycle stages of the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri (Nematoda: Heligmosomatidae). Vet Med Int, 140293. 55. Cabardo JrDE., Portugaliza HP., 2017. Anthelmintic activity of Moringa oleifera seed aqueous and ethanolic extracts against Haemonchus contortus eggs and third stage larvae. Int J Vet Sci Med, 5, 30-34. 56. Engstrom MT., Karonen M., Ahern JR., Baert N., Payre B., Hoste H., Salminen JP., 2016. Chemical structures of plant hydrolyzable tannins reveal their in vitro activity against egg hatching and motility of Haemonchus contortus nematodes. J Agric Food Chem, 64, 840-851. 57. Chartier C., Itard J., Morel PC., Troncy PM., 2000. Manual of the tropical veterinary parasitology. Ed Tec et Doc. London, p. 771. 58. Hagerman AE., Robbins CT., Weerasuriya Y., Wilson TC., McArthur C., 1992. Tannin chemistry in relation to digestion. J Range Manag, 45, 57-62. 59. Jean-Blain C., 1998. Aspects nutritionnels et toxicologiques des tanins. Rev Med Vet, 149, 911-920. 60. Horigome T., Kumar R., Okamoto K., 1988. Effects of condensed tannins prepared from leaves of fodder plants on digestive enzymes in vitro and in the intestine of rats. Br J Nut, 60, 275-285. 61. Athanasiadou S., Kyriazakis I., Jackson F., Coop RL., 2001. Direct anthelmintic effects of condensed tannins towards different gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep: in vitro and in vivo studies. Vet Parasitol, 99, 205-219.