DEĞİŞİK SULAMA REJİMLERİNİN YONCALARIN KÖK AĞIRLIĞI, KÖKÜN KİMYASAL YAPI VE YEDEK BESİN MADDELERİNE KÜMÜLATİF ETKİSİ

Yıl 1971, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, - , 11.12.2010

İbrahim Manga

Öz

ÖZET

Değişik toprak derinliklerindeki faydalı rutubetin belirli oranlara
düştüğünde yapılan sulamalar büzlerde yetiştirilen iki yıllık
yoncaların 0-20 cm. derinlikteki kök ağırlıkları bu köklerin kimyasal
" yapı ve yedek besin maddelerinin ağırlık ve oranları (ham protein
oranı hariç) arasında %i ihtimal sınır/arı içerisinde çok önemli
farklılıklar hasıl etmiştir.
Kök ağırlığına bağlı olarak topraktaki faydalı rutubet oranı
% O' dan % 50 seviyesine arttıkça yapılan sulamalarda köklerin
kimyasal yapı ve yedek besin maddeleri miktarı da artmış, /~ 75 seviyesinde
tekrar azalmıştır. Ancak oran olarak kimyasal yapı ve yedek
besin maddeleri oldukça değişik bir trend arzetmıştir.
Sulanan toprak derinliği de kök ağırlığı ve kökün kimyasal
yapı ve yed~k besin maddelerine etkili olmuş, sulanan toprak derinliği
yüzeyden itibaren aşağılara inildikçe bu maddelerin miktarları
azalmıştır. Kuru madde, ham protein, ham seıüıoz, ham kül, ether
ekstrakt ııe elverişli karbonhidrat oranlarında ise sulama derinliğinin
etkisi değişik olmuştur.

SUMMARY
The Cumulative Effects of Frequency and Rale of Irrigation on Amounts, and the Chemica! Constituents and
Food Reserves of Roots.

This research was conducted to
investigate the exfects of frequency
and rate of irrigation on amount,
and the chemical composition, and
food reserves in the alfalfa roots which
were grown in water-proof cylindrical
concrete pots protected from rain.
Those pots which were 30 cm.
in diameter and 100 cm deep were
embeded in soiI with a randomized
block design, replicated four times.
Differences in frequency of irrigation
were determined 0-20 cm.,
and 50-80 cm. soiI levels. Differences
in rate of irrigation were obtained
by varying percentage of soil moisture
(O %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 %) at each
soil level.
There were, therefore, 12 combinations
of treatments plus a control
receiving only incident ra,in fall.
All treatments cut at the end of
bud stage. Two cuttings were made
in 1966 and four in 1967.
At the end of the experiment
the roots in the pots were divided into
0-20 cm., 20-50 cm, and 50-80 cm.
by cutting. Each part of roots which
obtained at the different depth of pots
were washed, dried at 78°e and put
in the aluıniniumcups for analyzing of
dry matter, crude protein, cellul03e,
ash and etber extract and total
available carbohydrates.
The following results were obtained
from this experiment:
ı. The effect ofthe different frequency
and rate of water supply on the
amounts and the ehemical constituents,
and food reserves at the 0-20 cm. depth
of alfalfa roots was significanL
2. The amounts, and chemieal
eonstituents, and food reserves of alfalfa
roots were increased in weight in the
decreased depth of irrigated soil by
inereasing avaible moisture from
O% to 50 %'
3. The irrigation regimes effeeted
the rate of ehemieal eonstituents
and food reserves differently.
The rate of ether extract, and
total avaibIe earbolıydrates increased
in general, but dry matter -decreased
and there were no effect on crude
protein, cellulose and ash in the roots
by inereasing avaible water -from 0%
to 50 %'
The rate of dry matter and crude
aslı decreased,but crude cellulose inereased
and crude proteiıı and total
avaibIe earbohydrates were not ehanged
witlı deeper irrigation.
4. In order to maintain a good
stand at the limited root growth condüions,
it may be reeomended to irrigate
when the 50 % of avaible water
is present in the 0-50 cm. depth of soiI.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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