Die Umsiedlung der Armenier in den Südkaukasus im zaristischen Russland: Eine Analyse anhand russischer Archivquellen

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 6, 271 - 280, 26.12.2025

Guntekin Najafli , Saadat Zeynalova

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18044238

https://izlik.org/JA36JW33NL

Öz

Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts leitete das zaristische Russland nach seinen Siegen über den Kadscharen-Iran und das Osmanische Reich eine gezielte Siedlungspolitik ein. Auf der Grundlage der Verträge von Turkmenchay (1828) und Adrianopel (1829) wurden zehntausende Armenier aus dem Iran und dem Osmanischen Reich in den Südkaukasus umgesiedelt – insbesondere in die Khanate Irevan, Nachitschewan und Karabach sowie in Regionen Georgiens mit aserbaidschanischer Bevölkerung. Ziel war es, durch die Ansiedlung einer christlichen Bevölkerung eine Pufferzone zu schaffen und die regionale Kontrolle Russlands zu festigen. Die geringe Zahl der Armenier in der Region entsprach nicht den strategischen Interessen des Imperiums; daher wurde der systematische Umsiedlungsprozess beschleunigt. Archivquellen zeigen, dass diese Umsiedlungspolitik langfristige Auswirkungen auf die demografische Struktur der Region hatte und das ethnische Gleichgewicht im Südkaukasus erheblich veränderte.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Südkaukasus , Russisches Imperium , Nordaserbaidschan , Vertrag von Turkmenchay , Vertrag von Adrianopel.

The Resettlement of Armenians in the South Caucasus under Tsarist Russia: An Analysis Based on Russian Archival Sources

https://izlik.org/JA36JW33NL

Öz

At the beginning of the 19th century, Tsarist Russia initiated a targeted settlement policy following its victories over Qajar Iran and the Ottoman Empire. Based on the Treaties of Turkmenchay (1828) and Adrianople (1829), tens of thousands of Armenians were resettled from Iran and the Ottoman territories into the South Caucasus—particularly into the khanates of Irevan, Nakhchivan, and Karabakh, as well as into regions of Georgia inhabited by Azerbaijani communities. The objective was to establish a Christian buffer zone and thereby consolidate Russia’s regional control. The low number of Armenians in the region did not align with the strategic interests of the empire; thus, the systematic resettlement process was accelerated. Archival sources indicate that this policy had long-term impacts on the demographic structure of the region and significantly altered the ethnic balance in the South Caucasus.

Anahtar Kelimeler

South Caucasus , Russian Empire , Northern Azerbaijan , Treaty of Turkmenchay , Treaty of Adrianople.

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