ابوسليمان جوزجانی و جایگاه او در فقه اسلامی

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 902 - 921, 03.06.2025

Muhammad Akram Hakim

https://doi.org/10.46868/atdd.2025.898

Öz

Abu Suleyman Jawzjani (200 AH / 816 CE) was one of the prominent Hanafi jurists of the second-century Hijri. He was highly regarded and influential among the leading scholars of his time. Known for his honesty, piety, and adherence to the principles of the Hanafi school of thought, Jawzjani was a distinguished student of Imam Muhammad and Abu Yusuf, may Allah have mercy on them. His contributions to Islamic jurisprudence earned him significant recognition and respect within the scholarly community. On the one hand, Abu Suleyman Jawzjani tried to correctly recognize the Hanafi religion, representing Ahl al-Ra'i's jurisprudence. On the other hand, he tried to establish the basic tenets of Ahl al-Sunni belief, which was still being systematized. For this reason, this article aims to first explore the life, teachers, students, works, and reputation of Imam Jawzjani among scholars. Following this, it will focus on two key aspects: determining Imam Jawzjani's position within Hanafi jurisprudence and his contributions to the science of Hadith. The presence of numerous Hadiths in the Hadith collections is the result of the dedicated efforts of narrators who played a crucial role through their exceptional contributions in this regard. This article is in response to the question, what role did Imam Jawzjani play in preserving, publishing, and transmitting Hanafi jurisprudence and prophetic hadiths? In this article, the descriptive-analytical method is used, and the information is collected based on the library method and explanations are given using the books of Rijal (رجال), Tabaqat (طبقات), and books of Hanafi jurisprudence. Considering the necessity of research, the present article includes an introduction, body, conclusion, and sources. Imam Jawzjani is a religious scholar and has been a teacher against those who consider the Quran to be a creation, and he is one of the two people who (the other narrator of this book is Ismail bin Toba al-Qazwini) is also the narrator of the book of Imam Muhammad, may God have mercy on him. Also, he learned from the famous Sheikhs of his era and trained students. A correct understanding of his role in the transmission of Islamic heritage will help the jurists to be able to benefit from the narrations that he has endured many hardships and narrated in authentic ways in deducing religious issues.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Abu Suleyman , Hanafi , Ahl al-Ra , Jawzjan , Baghdad , jurisprudence , and Islam.

ابوسليمان جوزجانی و جایگاه او در فقه اسلامی

Öz

ابوسلیمان جوزجانی (۲۰۰ هـ.ق/۸۱۶ م) از مشاهیر فقهای احناف در قرن دوم هجری است که در میان علمایِ اعلام آن روزگار از نفوذ، شهرت و اعتبار ویژه‌ای برخوردار بوده و با عناوین صدوق، پرهیزگار، فقیه رأی گرای (اهل نظر) حنفی و شاگرد امام محمد و ابو یوسف رحمها الله شناخته شده است. ابوسلیمان جوزجانی از یک سو برای شناخت صحیح مذهب حنفی که نمایانگر فقه اهل رأی است، تلاش کرد و از سوی دیگر، سعی کرد که اصول اساسی عقیده اهل سنت را که هنوز در حال نظام‌بندی بود، تثبیت کند. به همین دلیل، این مقاله تلاش دارد تا نخست به زندگی، استادان، شاگردان، آثار و شخصیت امام جوزجانی نزد علماء می‌پردازد و سپس به دو نکته اصلی؛ یعنی تعیین جایگاه امام جوزجانی در فقه حنفی و علم حدیث بپردازد. وجود احادیث متعدد در کتابهای حدیث حاصل تلاش راویانی است که با تلاشهای ویژه خود توانسته اند در این راستا نقش ویژه‌ی ایفاءکنند. این نوشتار در پاسخ به این مسأله است که امام جوزجانی در جهت حفظ، نشر و انتقال فقه حنفی و احادیث نبوی، چه نقشی داشته است؟. در این مقاله از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی استفاده شده و معلومات براساس روش کتابخانه‌ای گردآوری شده و با استفاده از کتابهای رجال، طبقات و کتب فقه احناف توضیحات داده شده است. نظر به ضرورت تحقیق، مقالۀ دست‌داشته شامل مقدمه، بدنه، نتیجه گیری و منابع می‌باشد. امام جوزجانی یک عالم اهل رأی و در مقابل کسانی که قرآن را مخلوق می‌دانند استادگی کرده و یکی از دو شخصی است که (راوی دیگر این کتاب اسماعیل بن توبه القزوینی است) راوی کتاب امام محمد رحمة الله علیه‌ نیز می‌باشد. همچنین وی از مشایخ مشهور عصر خود علم فراگرفته و شاگردانی را نیز تربیه کرده است. شناخت صحیح نقش وی در انتقال تراث اسلامی به فقیهان کمک می‌کند تا بتوانند از روایاتی که با تحمل سختی های فراوان و از طرق معتبر نقل نموده در استنباط مسائل دینی بهره ببرند.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ابوسلیمان , احناف , أهل رأی , جوزجان , بغداد , فقه , واسلام

Abu Suleyman Jawzjani and His Position in Islamic Jurisprudence

Öz

Abu Suleyman Jawzjani (200 AH / 816 CE) was one of the prominent Hanafi jurists of the second-century Hijri. He was highly regarded and influential among the leading scholars of his time. Known for his honesty, piety, and adherence to the principles of the Hanafi school of thought, Jawzjani was a distinguished student of Imam Muhammad and Abu Yusuf, may Allah have mercy on them. His contributions to Islamic jurisprudence earned him significant recognition and respect within the scholarly community. On the one hand, Abu Suleyman Jawzjani tried to correctly recognize the Hanafi religion, representing Ahl al-Ra'i's jurisprudence. On the other hand, he tried to establish the basic tenets of Ahl al-Sunni belief, which was still being systematized. For this reason, this article aims to first explore the life, teachers, students, works, and reputation of Imam Jawzjani among scholars. Following this, it will focus on two key aspects: determining Imam Jawzjani's position within Hanafi jurisprudence and his contributions to the science of Hadith. The presence of numerous Hadiths in the Hadith collections is the result of the dedicated efforts of narrators who played a crucial role through their exceptional contributions in this regard. This article is in response to the question, what role did Imam Jawzjani play in preserving, publishing, and transmitting Hanafi jurisprudence and prophetic hadiths? In this article, the descriptive-analytical method is used, and the information is collected based on the library method and explanations are given using the books of Rijal (رجال), Tabaqat (طبقات), and books of Hanafi jurisprudence. Considering the necessity of research, the present article includes an introduction, body, conclusion, and sources. Imam Jawzjani is a religious scholar and has been a teacher against those who consider the Quran to be a creation, and he is one of the two people who (the other narrator of this book is Ismail bin Toba al-Qazwini) is also the narrator of the book of Imam Muhammad, may God have mercy on him. Also, he learned from the famous Sheikhs of his era and trained students. A correct understanding of his role in the transmission of Islamic heritage will help the jurists to be able to benefit from the narrations that he has endured many hardships and narrated in authentic ways in deducing religious issues.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Abu Suleyman , Hanafi , Ahl al-Ra , Jawzjan , Baghdad , jurisprudence , and Islam.

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