Uluslararası Toplumun Kutup Politikaları: Arktik-Antarktika Karşılaştırması

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 , 207 - 237, 25.10.2019

Aybüke İnan Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.632974

Cited By: 3

Öz

Küresel
iklim değişikliğinin bir sonucu olarak eriyen buzullar, Kutup Bölgeleri’ndeki
ekonomik fırsatları ortaya çıkarmış ve bu durum iki bölgenin statüsünün
sorgulanmasına yol açmıştır. İnsanlığın ortak mirası olarak kabul edilen
Antarktika’ya nazaran Arktik, ulus devletlerin egemenlik mücadelesine sahne
olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, İngiliz Okulu teorisinin uluslararası toplum anlayışı
çerçevesinde Kutup Bölgeleri’ndeki faaliyetlerini ele almaktadır. Kutup
Bölgeleri’nin hukuki, ekonomik ve politik statüsünün karşılaştırıldığı bu
çalışmada İngiliz Okulu’nun çoğulcu-dayanışmacı ayrımı düzen-adalet farkı
kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Dayanışmacı uluslararası toplumun adalet
anlayışı ile düzen sağladığı Antarktika’nın aksine; diplomasi, uluslararası hukuk
gibi İngiliz Okulu kuramlarıyla düzen sağlanan Arktik Bölgesi yönetiminde
uluslararası toplumun çoğulcu perspektifinin ağır bastığı gözlenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arktik, Antarktika, İngiliz Okulu, Uluslararası Toplum, Düzen, Adalet

Polar Policies of the International Society: The Comparison between Arctic-Antarctic

Öz

As a
result of the global climate change, the melting ice caps have revealed the
economic opportunities in the Polar Regions and this change has led to question
the status of the two regions. On the contrary of Antarctic as a common heritage
of mankind, Arctic become conflict zone 
between sovereign nation states. This study analyses the activities of
international society in Polar Regions based on the English School theory.
Moreover, comparing the legal, economic and political status of the Polar
Regions, the distinction between the pluralist-solidarist approaches of the
English School was evaluated within the context of the difference between order
and justice. Unlike Antarctica, where the solidarity of international community
has ensured the order with the perspective of justice; the governance in the
Arctic Region provided by the international community is based on a pluralistic
perspective, which is regulated by the institutions such as diplomacy and
international law of English School theory.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arctic, Antarctic, English School, International Society, Order, Justice

Kaynakça

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