Yönetici Kültünün Antik Yakın Doğu ve Yunan Uygarlıklarındaki Gelişimi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 761 - 784, 28.09.2022

Özel Teraman Hepdinçler

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1181509

Öz

Gelişimini ancak, etkili politik güçlerin uluslar üstü imparatorluk devletlerine dönüştüğü aşamada tamamlayabilen yönetici kültü hakimiyetinin en fazla hissedildiği dönem, hiç şüphesiz Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi olmuştur. Roma’da Iulius Caesar diktatörlüğünden önce resmi olarak hiçbir insana tanrısal onurlandırma verilmemiştir. Bunun gibi bir kült, ön koşul olarak iktidarın sürekli ve mutlak olmasını gerektirmektedir ve bu da Caesar’dan önce kimse tarafından elde edilememiştir. Ancak bu durum, böylesi bir tapınım düşüncesinin Romalılardan önce kimsenin zihninde olmadığı anlamına gelmemektedir. Özellikle ‘yöneticilerin tanrılar tarafından, dünyadaki vekilleri olmak üzere seçilen ölümlüler’ olması ve ‘tanrılar tarafından seçilen yöneticinin tanrısal özellikler taşıması’ fikri noktasından hareketle, kökeninin Mezopotamya ve devamında Mısır’daki yönetici kültlerine dayandığı düşünülen yönetici kültünün, bu uygarlıklarda ve Yunan uygarlığındaki, gelişimi söz konusu çalışmanın özünü oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yönetici Kültü, Mezopotamya, Mısır, Anadolu, Klasik Dönem, Hellenistik Dönem

Kaynakça

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