BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında Abd’nin Orta Asya Politikası: Beklentiler Ve Gerçeklikler

Yıl 2008, , 207 - 235, 01.01.2008
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002058

Öz

Kaynakça

  • ARI, Tayyar (2007), Irak, İran, ABD ve Petrol (İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2. Baskı).
  • BARRY, Tom (edt.) (13 December 2004), “Toward a New Grand Strategy for U.S. Foreign Policy,” IRC Strategic Dialogue, 3.
  • BEEHNER, Lionel (26 July 2005), “U.S. Military Bases in Central Asia,” Council on Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/publication/8440/asia.html, (e.t. 06/04/2006).
  • Brookings Roundtable (12 November 2002), “United States Foreign Policy in the States of Central Asia,” (e.t. 28/10/2003).
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2005), Büyük Satranç Tahtası: Amerika’nın Küresel Üstünlüğü ve Bunun Stratejik Gereklilikleri (İstanbul: İnkılâp Yayınevi) (Çev.: Y. Türedi).
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2000a), “Living with China,” National Interest, 59: 5-21.
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2000b), “Living with Russia,” National Interest, 61: 5-12.
  • BUSH, George W (2001), “Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People,” www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html (e.t. 28/03/2006).
  • CHAN, John (30 July 2005), “Russia and China Call for Closure of US Bases in Central Asia,” http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/jul2005/base-j30.shtml, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • DONGFENG, Ren (2003), “The Central Asia Policies of China, Russia and the USA, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Process: A View from China,” Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, CentralAsiaSCO.pdf (e.t. 01/04/2006).
  • http://editors.sipri.se/pubs/
  • ERHAN, Çağrı (2003), “ABD'nin Orta Asya Politikası ve 11 Eylül Sonrası Yeni Açılımları,” Stradigma (Sayı 9): 1-21.
  • GELB, Bernard A. (2005), Caspian Oil and Gas: Production and Prospects, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • GUOLİANG, Gu (2003), “Redefine Cooperative Security, Not Preemption,” The Washington Quarterly, 26/2: 135–145.
  • HERSH, Seymour M. (9 July 2001), “The Price of Oil: What was Mobil up in Kazakhstan and Russia?,” The New Yorker: 48-65.
  • http://www.inogate.org/html/countries/kazakhstan.htm#V, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • IKENBERRY, G. John (2001), “Getting Hegemony Right,” National Interest, 63: 17-24.
  • International Crisis Group (2004), Repression and Regression in Turkmenistan: A New International Strategy, Crisis Group Asia Report Asia Report, No. 85.
  • International Crisis Group (2005), Kyrgyzstan: After the Revolution, Crisis Group Asia Report No 97.
  • JANNUZI, Frank (2001), “Discussion of ‘US Global Strategy in the Post-Cold War Era’ ” Journal of Contemporary China, 10/27: 317-320.
  • JERMALAVICIUS, Tomas (2002), “The World after September 11th: Change and Continuity,” The Quarterly Journal (No 3): 103-123.
  • KERIMOV, Islam (28 June 2005), “Andizhan Plotted by Authors of Colored Revolutions,” Interfax, http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/0/28.html?id_issue=11316909 (e.t. 05/04/2006).
  • LAYNE, Christopher (1998), “Rethinking American Grand Strategy? Hegemony or Balance of Power in the Twenty-First Century,” World Policy Journal, 15/2: 8-28.
  • LAYNE, Christopher (1997), “From Preponderance to Offshore Balancing: America’s Future Grand Strategy,” International Security, 22/1: 86-124.
  • MENON, Rajan (1998), “Treacherous Terrain: The Political and Security Dimensions of Energy Development in the Caspian Sea Zone,” The National Bureau of Asian Research Analysis, 9/1: 1-44.
  • MEARSHEİMER, John J. (2001), “The Future of the American Pacifier,” Foreign Affairs, 80 / 5 : 46-61.
  • Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP) (2006), http://middleeastdesk.org/article. php?id=34, (e.t. 26/07/2006).
  • National Energy Policy Development Group (2001), National Energy Policy Report.
  • NICHOL, Jim (2005), Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • NICHOL, Jim (2006), Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • NYE, Joseph S. (2003), Amerikan Gücünün Paradoksu (İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları) (Çev.: G. Koca).
  • OLIKER, Olga / SHLAPAK, David A. (2005), U.S. Interets in Central Asia: Policy Priorities and Military Roles (Washington D.C.: Rand Corporation Project Air Force).
  • PNAC (1997), “Statement of Principles”, http://www.newamericancentury.org/statemento fprinciples.htm (e.t. 20/10/2003).
  • PNAC (2000), Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategy, Forces and Recources for a New Century, A Report of The Project for the New American Century.
  • POSEN, Barry R. / ROSS, Andrew L. (1997), “Competing Visions for U.S. Grand Strategy,” International Security, 21/3: 5-33.
  • POWELL, Collin (2001), “U.S. International Engagement:A Time of Great Opportunity,” U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda, 6/1: 5-10.
  • RUMER, Eugene (2002), “Flashman’s Revenge: Central Asia after September 11,” Strategic Forum, No. 195.
  • SOCOR, Vladimir (5 June 2006), “Kyrgyzystan Relenting U.S. Air. Base,” Eurasia Daily Monitor.
  • TALBOTT, Strobe (21 July 1997), “Address at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies,” Baltimore, Maryland, http://www.state.gov/www/regions/nis /970721talbott.html (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • “United States-Uzbekistan Declaration on the Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Framework” (12 March 2002), http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2002/8736.htm (e.t. 28/03/2006).
  • U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. (2006). Country Reports on Human Rights, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/hr/c1470.htm (e.t. 04/04/2006).
  • Unocal (1996), 1996 Annual Report,
  • http://www.unocal.com/investor/96ar/finrev/
  • mdanda/outlook.htm, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • US House of Representatives. (1999), H.R. 1152, "Silk Road Strategy Act of 1999,” 106th Congress; http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi- bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106_cong_bills&docid=f:h1152ih.txt.pdf, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • WALCOTT, Charles E. / HULT, Karen M. (2003), “The Bush Staff and Cabinet System,” Perspectives on Political Sciences, 32/ 3: 150-155.
  • White House (1995), A National Security Strategy of Engagement and Enlargement (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
  • White House (2002), The National Security Strategy of the United States of America (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office).
  • WISHNICK, Elizabeth (2003) “Growing U.S. Security Interests in Central Asia,” Strategic Studies Institute, http://www.e11th-hour.org/archives/usinterest.pdf (e.t. 30/03/2006).
  • WRIGHT, Robin / LYNCH, Colum (13 July 2005), “Cold War Rivalry Reviving in Central Asia,” Washington Post, A13.
  • WRIGHT, Robin (12 October 2005), “Kyrgyzstan Agrees to Continuing U.S. Military Presence at Key Air Base,” Washington Post, 12 October 2005, s. A10.

SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER

Yıl 2008, , 207 - 235, 01.01.2008
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002058

Öz

Orta Asya Soğuk Savaş döneminde Amerikan dış politikası açısından hayati öneme sahip bir bölge olarak addedilmemişti. SSCB’nin dağılmasının ardındansa, Orta Asya’ya yönelik Amerikan angajmanı başlamakla beraber, bölge ilk dönemde Washington açısından Orta Doğu gibi hayati çıkarların bulunduğu stratejik bir bölge olarak değerlendirilmemişti. 11 Eylül saldırıları öncesinde bölge, Amerikan karar vericileri açısından 1990’ların ilk yarısında SSCB’den arta kalan nükleer kapasiteler nedeniyle, 1990’ların ortalarında özellikle Hazar havzasındaki enerji kaynaklarının yeniden keşfedilmesiyle ve 1990’ların sonundaysa demokrasi ve insan hakları ihlalleri gibi konularla dikkati çekmişti. Ancak 11 Eylül saldırıları sonrasında yürütülen uluslararası terörizmle savaş doğrultusunda Orta Asya’nın stratejik önemi giderek artmaya başlamış ve bölgede Amerikan askeri üsleri kurulmuştur. Bir diğer ifadeyle 1990’lı yıllarda temel olarak Amerikan ticari çıkarlarının korunması ve enerji güvenliğinin sağlanması şeklinde ortaya çıkan ABD’nin Orta Asya politikası, 2000’li yıllara gelindiğinde güvenlik unsurunun daha ön planda olduğu bir içerik kazanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • ARI, Tayyar (2007), Irak, İran, ABD ve Petrol (İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2. Baskı).
  • BARRY, Tom (edt.) (13 December 2004), “Toward a New Grand Strategy for U.S. Foreign Policy,” IRC Strategic Dialogue, 3.
  • BEEHNER, Lionel (26 July 2005), “U.S. Military Bases in Central Asia,” Council on Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/publication/8440/asia.html, (e.t. 06/04/2006).
  • Brookings Roundtable (12 November 2002), “United States Foreign Policy in the States of Central Asia,” (e.t. 28/10/2003).
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2005), Büyük Satranç Tahtası: Amerika’nın Küresel Üstünlüğü ve Bunun Stratejik Gereklilikleri (İstanbul: İnkılâp Yayınevi) (Çev.: Y. Türedi).
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2000a), “Living with China,” National Interest, 59: 5-21.
  • BRZEZINSKI, Zbigniew (2000b), “Living with Russia,” National Interest, 61: 5-12.
  • BUSH, George W (2001), “Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People,” www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html (e.t. 28/03/2006).
  • CHAN, John (30 July 2005), “Russia and China Call for Closure of US Bases in Central Asia,” http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/jul2005/base-j30.shtml, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • DONGFENG, Ren (2003), “The Central Asia Policies of China, Russia and the USA, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Process: A View from China,” Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, CentralAsiaSCO.pdf (e.t. 01/04/2006).
  • http://editors.sipri.se/pubs/
  • ERHAN, Çağrı (2003), “ABD'nin Orta Asya Politikası ve 11 Eylül Sonrası Yeni Açılımları,” Stradigma (Sayı 9): 1-21.
  • GELB, Bernard A. (2005), Caspian Oil and Gas: Production and Prospects, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • GUOLİANG, Gu (2003), “Redefine Cooperative Security, Not Preemption,” The Washington Quarterly, 26/2: 135–145.
  • HERSH, Seymour M. (9 July 2001), “The Price of Oil: What was Mobil up in Kazakhstan and Russia?,” The New Yorker: 48-65.
  • http://www.inogate.org/html/countries/kazakhstan.htm#V, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • IKENBERRY, G. John (2001), “Getting Hegemony Right,” National Interest, 63: 17-24.
  • International Crisis Group (2004), Repression and Regression in Turkmenistan: A New International Strategy, Crisis Group Asia Report Asia Report, No. 85.
  • International Crisis Group (2005), Kyrgyzstan: After the Revolution, Crisis Group Asia Report No 97.
  • JANNUZI, Frank (2001), “Discussion of ‘US Global Strategy in the Post-Cold War Era’ ” Journal of Contemporary China, 10/27: 317-320.
  • JERMALAVICIUS, Tomas (2002), “The World after September 11th: Change and Continuity,” The Quarterly Journal (No 3): 103-123.
  • KERIMOV, Islam (28 June 2005), “Andizhan Plotted by Authors of Colored Revolutions,” Interfax, http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/0/28.html?id_issue=11316909 (e.t. 05/04/2006).
  • LAYNE, Christopher (1998), “Rethinking American Grand Strategy? Hegemony or Balance of Power in the Twenty-First Century,” World Policy Journal, 15/2: 8-28.
  • LAYNE, Christopher (1997), “From Preponderance to Offshore Balancing: America’s Future Grand Strategy,” International Security, 22/1: 86-124.
  • MENON, Rajan (1998), “Treacherous Terrain: The Political and Security Dimensions of Energy Development in the Caspian Sea Zone,” The National Bureau of Asian Research Analysis, 9/1: 1-44.
  • MEARSHEİMER, John J. (2001), “The Future of the American Pacifier,” Foreign Affairs, 80 / 5 : 46-61.
  • Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP) (2006), http://middleeastdesk.org/article. php?id=34, (e.t. 26/07/2006).
  • National Energy Policy Development Group (2001), National Energy Policy Report.
  • NICHOL, Jim (2005), Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • NICHOL, Jim (2006), Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests, Congressional Research Service, Issue Brief for Congress.
  • NYE, Joseph S. (2003), Amerikan Gücünün Paradoksu (İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları) (Çev.: G. Koca).
  • OLIKER, Olga / SHLAPAK, David A. (2005), U.S. Interets in Central Asia: Policy Priorities and Military Roles (Washington D.C.: Rand Corporation Project Air Force).
  • PNAC (1997), “Statement of Principles”, http://www.newamericancentury.org/statemento fprinciples.htm (e.t. 20/10/2003).
  • PNAC (2000), Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategy, Forces and Recources for a New Century, A Report of The Project for the New American Century.
  • POSEN, Barry R. / ROSS, Andrew L. (1997), “Competing Visions for U.S. Grand Strategy,” International Security, 21/3: 5-33.
  • POWELL, Collin (2001), “U.S. International Engagement:A Time of Great Opportunity,” U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda, 6/1: 5-10.
  • RUMER, Eugene (2002), “Flashman’s Revenge: Central Asia after September 11,” Strategic Forum, No. 195.
  • SOCOR, Vladimir (5 June 2006), “Kyrgyzystan Relenting U.S. Air. Base,” Eurasia Daily Monitor.
  • TALBOTT, Strobe (21 July 1997), “Address at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies,” Baltimore, Maryland, http://www.state.gov/www/regions/nis /970721talbott.html (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • “United States-Uzbekistan Declaration on the Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Framework” (12 March 2002), http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2002/8736.htm (e.t. 28/03/2006).
  • U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. (2006). Country Reports on Human Rights, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/hr/c1470.htm (e.t. 04/04/2006).
  • Unocal (1996), 1996 Annual Report,
  • http://www.unocal.com/investor/96ar/finrev/
  • mdanda/outlook.htm, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • US House of Representatives. (1999), H.R. 1152, "Silk Road Strategy Act of 1999,” 106th Congress; http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi- bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106_cong_bills&docid=f:h1152ih.txt.pdf, (e.t. 02/04/2006).
  • WALCOTT, Charles E. / HULT, Karen M. (2003), “The Bush Staff and Cabinet System,” Perspectives on Political Sciences, 32/ 3: 150-155.
  • White House (1995), A National Security Strategy of Engagement and Enlargement (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
  • White House (2002), The National Security Strategy of the United States of America (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office).
  • WISHNICK, Elizabeth (2003) “Growing U.S. Security Interests in Central Asia,” Strategic Studies Institute, http://www.e11th-hour.org/archives/usinterest.pdf (e.t. 30/03/2006).
  • WRIGHT, Robin / LYNCH, Colum (13 July 2005), “Cold War Rivalry Reviving in Central Asia,” Washington Post, A13.
  • WRIGHT, Robin (12 October 2005), “Kyrgyzstan Agrees to Continuing U.S. Military Presence at Key Air Base,” Washington Post, 12 October 2005, s. A10.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ferhat Pirinççi Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2008
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008

Kaynak Göster

APA Pirinççi, F. (2008). SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 63(01), 207-235. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002058
AMA Pirinççi F. SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER. SBF Dergisi. Ocak 2008;63(01):207-235. doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002058
Chicago Pirinççi, Ferhat. “SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63, sy. 01 (Ocak 2008): 207-35. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002058.
EndNote Pirinççi F (01 Ocak 2008) SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63 01 207–235.
IEEE F. Pirinççi, “SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER”, SBF Dergisi, c. 63, sy. 01, ss. 207–235, 2008, doi: 10.1501/SBFder_0000002058.
ISNAD Pirinççi, Ferhat. “SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63/01 (Ocak 2008), 207-235. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002058.
JAMA Pirinççi F. SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER. SBF Dergisi. 2008;63:207–235.
MLA Pirinççi, Ferhat. “SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, c. 63, sy. 01, 2008, ss. 207-35, doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002058.
Vancouver Pirinççi F. SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASINDA ABD’NİN ORTA ASYA POLİTİKASI: BEKLENTİLER VE GERÇEKLİKLER. SBF Dergisi. 2008;63(01):207-35.