Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Gamet Donasyonu ve Taşıyıcı Annelik Hakkındaki Görüşleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte yürütülen bu araştırma Mayıs 2023- Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında, bir Devlet Üniversitesinde Hemşirelik Bölümü (n=297) öğrencileri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler, öğrencilerin kişisel, gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı annelik ile ilgili görüşlerinin sorgulandığı 20 sorudan oluşan bir veri formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılımcı hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaş ortalaması 21.0±1.6 olup %85.5’i kadındır. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin %83.8’i “gamet donasyonu için bağışçı olmak istemeyeceğini”, %63.0’ı“gamet donasyonunun ülkemizde yasal olması gerektiğini”, %64.6’sı “dini inançlarından dolayı gamet alınıp verilmesini uygun bulmadığını” belirtmiştir Taşıyıcı annelik ile ilgili olarak öğrenciler %51.5 oranında “taşıyıcı anneliği uygun bulduğunu”, %52.5’i “taşıyıcı anneliğin ülkemizde yasal olması gerektiğini” belirtti. “Gamet donasyonu için bağışçı olabilirim” diyen erkek öğrencilerin oranı (%30.2), kadın öğrencilerin oranından (%13.8) (p=0.007), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı gamet alınmasını ya da verilmesini uygun bulmuyorum” diyen kadın öğrencilerin oranı (%38.6), erkek öğrencilerin oranından (%16.3) (p=0.005), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı taşıyıcı anneliği uygun bulmuyorum” diyen kadın öğrencilerin oranı (%39), erkek öğrencilerin oranından (%20.9) (p=0.023), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı gamet alınmasını ya da verilmesini uygun bulmuyorum” diyen yüksek düzey dini inanç belirtenlerin oranı (%52.2), az/yok (20.0) ve orta düzey (31.7) olarak belirtenlerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Geniş aile tipine göre çekirdek aile tipine sahip olan öğrencilerin; taşıyıcı anneliği daha fazla onayladıkları saptandı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencileri gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe ilişkin; erkek cinsiyetinde daha olumlu, kadın cinsiyeti ve yüksek dini inanç düzeyinde daha olumsuz görüştedir. Muhafazakarlık ve cinsiyet faktörünün çekirdek aile tipinde, gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe bakış üzerinde etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye’deki mevcut yasaların; cinsiyet-aile yapısı-dini muhafazakarlık gibi sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre toplumsal görüşler alınarak, sağlık politika yapıcıları tarafından günümüz şartlarına uygun olarak düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gamet donasyonu
• hemşirelik
• öğrenci
• taşıyıcı annelik

Nursing Students' Opinions About Gamete Donation and Surrogacy

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of nursing students regarding gamete donation and surrogacy. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on students (n=297) at students at a public university Nursing Department between May 2023 and June 2023. A data form consisting of 20 questions about students' personal characteristics and their views on gamete donation and surrogacy was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the nursing students participating in the study was 21.0±1.6 and 85.5% were female. 83.8% of the nursing students stated that “they would not want to be a donor for gamete donation”, 63.0% stated that “gamete donation should be legal in our country”, 64.6% stated that “they do not find it appropriate to receive and donate gametes due to their religious beliefs”. Regarding surrogacy, 51.5% of the students stated that “they found surrogacy appropriate”, 52.5% stated that “surrogacy should be legal in our country”, The rate of male students saying “I can be a donor for gamete donation” (30.2%) was significantly higher than the rate of female students (13.8%) (p=0.007), the rate of female students saying “I do not find it appropriate to receive or donate gametes due to my religious beliefs” (38.6%) was significantly higher than the rate of male students (16.3%) (p=0.005), the rate of female students who said “I do not find surrogacy appropriate due to my religious beliefs” (39%) was significantly higher than the rate of male students (20.9%) (p =0.023). The rate of those who stated a high level of religious belief (52.2%) and said "I do not find it appropriate to receive or give gametes due to my religious beliefs" was significantly higher than those who stated a low/none (20.0) and medium level (31.7) (p<0.05). Students with nuclear family type compared to extended family type; It was found that they approved surrogacy more (p>0.05). Conclusion: The nursing students about gamete donation and surrogacy; the opinion is more positive in the male genderand nuclear family type, and more negative in female gender and high religious belief level. Gender, family type and religious conservatism factors play a role in the outlook on gamete donation and surrogacy. Current laws in Turkey; It is recommended that health policy makers organize it in accordance with today's conditions by taking social opinions according to sociodemographic variables such as gender, family structure and religious conservatism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gamete donation
• nursing
• student
• surrogacy

Kaynakça

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