Araştırma Makalesi
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Nursing Students' Opinions About Gamete Donation and Surrogacy

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 14 - 29, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1459943

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of nursing students regarding gamete donation and surrogacy. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on students (n=297) at students at a public university Nursing Department between May 2023 and June 2023. A data form consisting of 20 questions about students' personal characteristics and their views on gamete donation and surrogacy was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the nursing students participating in the study was 21.0±1.6 and 85.5% were female. 83.8% of the nursing students stated that “they would not want to be a donor for gamete donation”, 63.0% stated that “gamete donation should be legal in our country”, 64.6% stated that “they do not find it appropriate to receive and donate gametes due to their religious beliefs”. Regarding surrogacy, 51.5% of the students stated that “they found surrogacy appropriate”, 52.5% stated that “surrogacy should be legal in our country”, The rate of male students saying “I can be a donor for gamete donation” (30.2%) was significantly higher than the rate of female students (13.8%) (p=0.007), the rate of female students saying “I do not find it appropriate to receive or donate gametes due to my religious beliefs” (38.6%) was significantly higher than the rate of male students (16.3%) (p=0.005), the rate of female students who said “I do not find surrogacy appropriate due to my religious beliefs” (39%) was significantly higher than the rate of male students (20.9%) (p =0.023). The rate of those who stated a high level of religious belief (52.2%) and said "I do not find it appropriate to receive or give gametes due to my religious beliefs" was significantly higher than those who stated a low/none (20.0) and medium level (31.7) (p<0.05). Students with nuclear family type compared to extended family type; It was found that they approved surrogacy more (p>0.05). Conclusion: The nursing students about gamete donation and surrogacy; the opinion is more positive in the male genderand nuclear family type, and more negative in female gender and high religious belief level. Gender, family type and religious conservatism factors play a role in the outlook on gamete donation and surrogacy. Current laws in Turkey; It is recommended that health policy makers organize it in accordance with today's conditions by taking social opinions according to sociodemographic variables such as gender, family structure and religious conservatism.

Kaynakça

  • Ameh, N., Madugu, N. H., Odeku, T., Ogbe, M., & Oyefabi, A. M. (2015). A survey of community opinion and perceptions toward gamete donation in North Central Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 24(1), 17–27. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_278_articles_200393_submission_proof_200393-3313-503002-1-10-20201008.pdf
  • Atabay, S. Ş., & Kıbrıs, E. S. (2022). Multiple perspectives on surrogacy and ın-vitro fertilization in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Bioethics, 9(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.5505/tjob.2022.48343
  • Azonbakin, S., Gahou, U., Gangbo, F., Dangbemey, P., & Adovoekpe, D. (2022). l ’ infertilité du couple : connaissances , attitudes et perception des étudiants en médecine de la faculté des sciences de la santé de cotonou-bénin. PanAfrican Medical Journal, 41(1). file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_414_articles_238581_submission_proof_238581-4933-575529-1-10-20221219.pdf
  • Bakare, O., Oluwole, O., Ogunkoya, D., Aja, C., & Thomas, J. (2022). Knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in gamete donation for artificial ınsemination among undergraduate students in lagos. Annals of Health Research, 8(4), 277–287. https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-04-179
  • Baykal, B., Korkmaz, C., Ceyhan, S. T., Goktolga, U., & Baser, I. (2008). Opinions of infertile Turkish women on gamete donation and gestational surrogacy. Fertility and Sterility, 89(4), 817–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.04.022
  • Berkowitz, D. (2020). Gay Men and Surrogacy. In Abbie E. G., & Katherine R. A. (Editors) LGBTQ-Parent Families (2. Edition) Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35610-1_8
  • Bruce-Hickman, K., Kirkland, L., & Ba-Obeid, T. (2009). The attitudes and knowledge of medical students towards surrogacy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 29(3), 229–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610802712926
  • Constantinidis, D., & Cook, R. (2012). Australian perspectives on surrogacy: The influence of cognitions, psychological and demographic characteristics. Human Reproduction, 27(4), 1080–1087. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der470
  • Frati, P., Russa, R. La, Alessandro Santurro, Fineschi, B., Paolo, M. Di, Scopetti, M., Turillazzi, E., & Fineschi, V. (2021). Bioethical issues and legal frameworks of surrogacy: A global perspective about the right to health and dignity. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 258, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.12.020
  • Gün Kakaşçı, Ç., Coşkuner Potur, D., & Demirci, N. (2021). Does the level of altruism of university students create a difference in their views on gamete donation and surrogacy? Turkish Journal of Science and Health, 2(1), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.51972/tfsd.1065324
  • Joannes E.C., Sophia K., & Maria P. (2002). Using attitudinal indicators to explain the public’s intention to have recourse to gamete donation and surrogacy, Human Reproduction, 17,(11), 2995–3002. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.11.2995
  • Kaya Şenol, D., Dereli Yılmaz, S., Demirgöz Bal, M., Kızılkaya Beji, N., Çalışkan, S., & Urman, B. (2019). Türk insanının oosit ve sperm bağışı hakkındaki görüşleri. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44(1), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.438226
  • Mensah, P. A., Asiamah, M., Nsoh, R. A., Kantum, R. A., & Udofia, E. A. (2020). Factors associated with willingness to donate oocytes among female students in a tertiary institution. Research Square, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-34457/v1
  • Moridi, A., Roozbeh, N., Yaghoobi, H., Soltani, S., Dashti, S., Shahrahmani, N., & Banaei, M. (2019). Etiology and risk factors associated with infertility. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 7(3), 346–353. https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2019.57
  • Musavi, S., Mashhadi Abdolahi, H., Ghojazadeh, M., Abbasalizad Farhangi, M., Nikniaz, Z., & Nikniaz, L. (2020). Infertile women’s opinion concerning gestational surrogacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(8), 1432–1438. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3866
  • Mustafa, M., Hadi, J., & Author, C. (2019). Male and female ınfertility: Causes, and management.IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS), 18(9), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1809132732
  • Nogueira, A., Ammar, O., Bilir, E., Iftene, L., Torrero, I., Ceschin, N., Nogueira-Silva, C., & Brandão, P. (2023). University students’ opinion on gamete donor identification regimes. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 40(6), 1361–1368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-023-02832-w
  • Obajimi, G. O., & Ogunbode, O. O. (2020). assisted reproductive techniques and gamete donation; knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate among students in a nigerian tertiary ınstitution. Medical Journal of Zambia, 47(1), 8–15. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_394_articles_195736_submission_proof_195736-4693-494344-1-10-20200513.pdf
  • Opsenica Kostic, J., Panic, D., & Mitrovic, M. (2021). Attitudes of students towards gamete donation and basic life values. Psychological Applications and Trends 2021, 4(June), 232–236. https://doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact048
  • Pennings, G., & Provoost, V. (2019). The attitude of female students towards sperm donation by their partner.Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 36(7), 1431–1439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-019-01491-0
  • Pinto da Silva, S., de Freitas, C., Severo, M., & Silva, S. (2022). Gamete and embryo donation for research: what might shape the willingness to donate among gamete donors and recipients? Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 39(9), 2077–2087. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-022-02569-y
  • Platts, S., Bracewell-Milnes, T., Saso, S., Jones, B., Parikh, R., & Thum, M. Y. (2021). Investigating attitudes towards oocyte donation amongst potential donors and the general population: A systematic review. Human Fertility, 24(3), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/14647273.2019.1602736
  • Provoost, V., Van Rompuy, F., & Pennings, G. (2018). Non-donors’ attitudes towards sperm donation and their willingness to donate. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 35(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1036-x
  • Ronen, M., Kedem, A., Avraham, S., Youngster, M., Yerushalmi, G., Hourvitz, A., & Gat, I. (2023). Motivational stimuli to donate sperm among non-donor students. Basic and Clinical Andrology, 33(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12610-023-00201-2
  • Saadeh, R., Abdulrahim, N., Alfaqih, M., & Khader, Y. (2020). Attitude of Jordanian health care workers toward surrogacy. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, 14(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v14i1.3782
  • Salehi, K., Shakour, M., Pashaei Sabet, F., & Alizadeh, S. (2015). The opinion of Iranian students about the society’s perception on using surrogacy as an infertility treatment in the future community. Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare, 6(1), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2014.06.005
  • Tehran, H. A., Jafarbagloo, E., Zia, N., Sheikholeslami, Abedini, Z., & Heidarpoor, A. (2010). Surrogacy: Infertile women’s attitude. Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 4(1), 62-70. http://ijme.tums.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.html
  • Whyte, S., Chan, H. F., Ferguson, N., Godwin, M., Hammarberg, K., & Torgler, B. (2023). Understanding the reasons why men and women do not donate gametes. Reproductive Sciences, 30(5), 1651–1659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-022-01112-9

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Gamet Donasyonu ve Taşıyıcı Annelik Hakkındaki Görüşleri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 14 - 29, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1459943

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte yürütülen bu araştırma Mayıs 2023- Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında, bir Devlet Üniversitesinde Hemşirelik Bölümü (n=297) öğrencileri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler, öğrencilerin kişisel, gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı annelik ile ilgili görüşlerinin sorgulandığı 20 sorudan oluşan bir veri formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılımcı hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaş ortalaması 21.0±1.6 olup %85.5’i kadındır. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin %83.8’i “gamet donasyonu için bağışçı olmak istemeyeceğini”, %63.0’ı“gamet donasyonunun ülkemizde yasal olması gerektiğini”, %64.6’sı “dini inançlarından dolayı gamet alınıp verilmesini uygun bulmadığını” belirtmiştir Taşıyıcı annelik ile ilgili olarak öğrenciler %51.5 oranında “taşıyıcı anneliği uygun bulduğunu”, %52.5’i “taşıyıcı anneliğin ülkemizde yasal olması gerektiğini” belirtti. “Gamet donasyonu için bağışçı olabilirim” diyen erkek öğrencilerin oranı (%30.2), kadın öğrencilerin oranından (%13.8) (p=0.007), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı gamet alınmasını ya da verilmesini uygun bulmuyorum” diyen kadın öğrencilerin oranı (%38.6), erkek öğrencilerin oranından (%16.3) (p=0.005), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı taşıyıcı anneliği uygun bulmuyorum” diyen kadın öğrencilerin oranı (%39), erkek öğrencilerin oranından (%20.9) (p=0.023), “Dini inançlarımdan dolayı gamet alınmasını ya da verilmesini uygun bulmuyorum” diyen yüksek düzey dini inanç belirtenlerin oranı (%52.2), az/yok (20.0) ve orta düzey (31.7) olarak belirtenlerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Geniş aile tipine göre çekirdek aile tipine sahip olan öğrencilerin; taşıyıcı anneliği daha fazla onayladıkları saptandı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencileri gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe ilişkin; erkek cinsiyetinde daha olumlu, kadın cinsiyeti ve yüksek dini inanç düzeyinde daha olumsuz görüştedir. Muhafazakarlık ve cinsiyet faktörünün çekirdek aile tipinde, gamet donasyonu ve taşıyıcı anneliğe bakış üzerinde etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye’deki mevcut yasaların; cinsiyet-aile yapısı-dini muhafazakarlık gibi sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre toplumsal görüşler alınarak, sağlık politika yapıcıları tarafından günümüz şartlarına uygun olarak düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Ameh, N., Madugu, N. H., Odeku, T., Ogbe, M., & Oyefabi, A. M. (2015). A survey of community opinion and perceptions toward gamete donation in North Central Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 24(1), 17–27. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_278_articles_200393_submission_proof_200393-3313-503002-1-10-20201008.pdf
  • Atabay, S. Ş., & Kıbrıs, E. S. (2022). Multiple perspectives on surrogacy and ın-vitro fertilization in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Bioethics, 9(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.5505/tjob.2022.48343
  • Azonbakin, S., Gahou, U., Gangbo, F., Dangbemey, P., & Adovoekpe, D. (2022). l ’ infertilité du couple : connaissances , attitudes et perception des étudiants en médecine de la faculté des sciences de la santé de cotonou-bénin. PanAfrican Medical Journal, 41(1). file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_414_articles_238581_submission_proof_238581-4933-575529-1-10-20221219.pdf
  • Bakare, O., Oluwole, O., Ogunkoya, D., Aja, C., & Thomas, J. (2022). Knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in gamete donation for artificial ınsemination among undergraduate students in lagos. Annals of Health Research, 8(4), 277–287. https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-04-179
  • Baykal, B., Korkmaz, C., Ceyhan, S. T., Goktolga, U., & Baser, I. (2008). Opinions of infertile Turkish women on gamete donation and gestational surrogacy. Fertility and Sterility, 89(4), 817–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.04.022
  • Berkowitz, D. (2020). Gay Men and Surrogacy. In Abbie E. G., & Katherine R. A. (Editors) LGBTQ-Parent Families (2. Edition) Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35610-1_8
  • Bruce-Hickman, K., Kirkland, L., & Ba-Obeid, T. (2009). The attitudes and knowledge of medical students towards surrogacy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 29(3), 229–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610802712926
  • Constantinidis, D., & Cook, R. (2012). Australian perspectives on surrogacy: The influence of cognitions, psychological and demographic characteristics. Human Reproduction, 27(4), 1080–1087. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der470
  • Frati, P., Russa, R. La, Alessandro Santurro, Fineschi, B., Paolo, M. Di, Scopetti, M., Turillazzi, E., & Fineschi, V. (2021). Bioethical issues and legal frameworks of surrogacy: A global perspective about the right to health and dignity. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 258, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.12.020
  • Gün Kakaşçı, Ç., Coşkuner Potur, D., & Demirci, N. (2021). Does the level of altruism of university students create a difference in their views on gamete donation and surrogacy? Turkish Journal of Science and Health, 2(1), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.51972/tfsd.1065324
  • Joannes E.C., Sophia K., & Maria P. (2002). Using attitudinal indicators to explain the public’s intention to have recourse to gamete donation and surrogacy, Human Reproduction, 17,(11), 2995–3002. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.11.2995
  • Kaya Şenol, D., Dereli Yılmaz, S., Demirgöz Bal, M., Kızılkaya Beji, N., Çalışkan, S., & Urman, B. (2019). Türk insanının oosit ve sperm bağışı hakkındaki görüşleri. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44(1), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.438226
  • Mensah, P. A., Asiamah, M., Nsoh, R. A., Kantum, R. A., & Udofia, E. A. (2020). Factors associated with willingness to donate oocytes among female students in a tertiary institution. Research Square, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-34457/v1
  • Moridi, A., Roozbeh, N., Yaghoobi, H., Soltani, S., Dashti, S., Shahrahmani, N., & Banaei, M. (2019). Etiology and risk factors associated with infertility. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 7(3), 346–353. https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2019.57
  • Musavi, S., Mashhadi Abdolahi, H., Ghojazadeh, M., Abbasalizad Farhangi, M., Nikniaz, Z., & Nikniaz, L. (2020). Infertile women’s opinion concerning gestational surrogacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(8), 1432–1438. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3866
  • Mustafa, M., Hadi, J., & Author, C. (2019). Male and female ınfertility: Causes, and management.IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS), 18(9), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1809132732
  • Nogueira, A., Ammar, O., Bilir, E., Iftene, L., Torrero, I., Ceschin, N., Nogueira-Silva, C., & Brandão, P. (2023). University students’ opinion on gamete donor identification regimes. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 40(6), 1361–1368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-023-02832-w
  • Obajimi, G. O., & Ogunbode, O. O. (2020). assisted reproductive techniques and gamete donation; knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate among students in a nigerian tertiary ınstitution. Medical Journal of Zambia, 47(1), 8–15. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/ajol-file-journals_394_articles_195736_submission_proof_195736-4693-494344-1-10-20200513.pdf
  • Opsenica Kostic, J., Panic, D., & Mitrovic, M. (2021). Attitudes of students towards gamete donation and basic life values. Psychological Applications and Trends 2021, 4(June), 232–236. https://doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact048
  • Pennings, G., & Provoost, V. (2019). The attitude of female students towards sperm donation by their partner.Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 36(7), 1431–1439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-019-01491-0
  • Pinto da Silva, S., de Freitas, C., Severo, M., & Silva, S. (2022). Gamete and embryo donation for research: what might shape the willingness to donate among gamete donors and recipients? Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 39(9), 2077–2087. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-022-02569-y
  • Platts, S., Bracewell-Milnes, T., Saso, S., Jones, B., Parikh, R., & Thum, M. Y. (2021). Investigating attitudes towards oocyte donation amongst potential donors and the general population: A systematic review. Human Fertility, 24(3), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/14647273.2019.1602736
  • Provoost, V., Van Rompuy, F., & Pennings, G. (2018). Non-donors’ attitudes towards sperm donation and their willingness to donate. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 35(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1036-x
  • Ronen, M., Kedem, A., Avraham, S., Youngster, M., Yerushalmi, G., Hourvitz, A., & Gat, I. (2023). Motivational stimuli to donate sperm among non-donor students. Basic and Clinical Andrology, 33(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12610-023-00201-2
  • Saadeh, R., Abdulrahim, N., Alfaqih, M., & Khader, Y. (2020). Attitude of Jordanian health care workers toward surrogacy. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, 14(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v14i1.3782
  • Salehi, K., Shakour, M., Pashaei Sabet, F., & Alizadeh, S. (2015). The opinion of Iranian students about the society’s perception on using surrogacy as an infertility treatment in the future community. Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare, 6(1), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2014.06.005
  • Tehran, H. A., Jafarbagloo, E., Zia, N., Sheikholeslami, Abedini, Z., & Heidarpoor, A. (2010). Surrogacy: Infertile women’s attitude. Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 4(1), 62-70. http://ijme.tums.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.html
  • Whyte, S., Chan, H. F., Ferguson, N., Godwin, M., Hammarberg, K., & Torgler, B. (2023). Understanding the reasons why men and women do not donate gametes. Reproductive Sciences, 30(5), 1651–1659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-022-01112-9
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Fatma Savaş 0000-0002-4193-6273

Hatice Kahyaoğlu Süt 0000-0001-8840-6846

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 29 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Savaş, F., & Kahyaoğlu Süt, H. (2024). Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Gamet Donasyonu ve Taşıyıcı Annelik Hakkındaki Görüşleri. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1459943