Araştırma Makalesi

A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale

Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2 31 Mayıs 2023
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A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale

Öz

Despite being widely studied, research only deals with consequences of war. While assessing war effects, the existing instruments take war as a general trauma, simply ask about its existence and skip to the consequences. Thus, there is a gap in assessing what experiences the survivor went through. Aim of the study is to develop a scale that will enable understanding war experiences qualitatively, and also evaluate the impact of them quantitatively, named as War Trauma Exposure Scale (WTES). This study was carried out as part of a thesis (Author), with Turkish Cypriot women in North Cyprus (N = 168) considering Cyprus War. Three phases were followed: interview, pilot study, and psychometric examination. At psychometric investigation, factor analysis revealed three-factor solution: “Negative Emotions”, “Exposure to Violence”, and “Loss”. The overall reliability of WTES was good (r = .91). Both, Impact of Events Scale (IES-R) and the scale were gathered under the same factor with 75.68% variance. Scale showed significant correlations with other related constructs. ANOVA supported that the scale was parallel to IES-R. Chi-square fit test (χ²) revealed a good fit. Consequently, the scale is relatively valid and reliable for measuring war-related exposure despite limitations. WTES, is a distinct one since (1) it directly focuses on war-trauma, (2) lists 23 real war-trauma exposures to be identified, (3) asks the survivor’s war experience and (4) assess its influence. Therefore, unlike existing scales to assess war-trauma, WTES helps to understand unique exposure of the war-survivor and assess the psychological impact these exposures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

Çalışmaya katılan tüm katılımcılara ve ölçeklerin yeni katılımcılara ulaşmasını sağlayan herkese teşekkürler.

Kaynakça

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  2. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed).
  3. Berthold, S. M. (2000). War traumas and community violence: psychological, behavioral, and academic outcomes among Khmer refugee adolescents. Journal of Multicultural Social Work, 8(1-2), 15–46. https://doi.org/10.1300/J285v08n01_02
  4. Besser, A., & Neria, Y. (2009). PTSD symptoms, satisfaction with life, and prejudicial attitudes toward the adversary among Israeli civilians exposed to ongoing missile attacks. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22(4), 268-275.
  5. Bramsen, I. & van der Ploeg, H.M. (1999), Fifty years later: the long-term psychological adjustment of ageing World War II survivors. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 100(5) 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10878.x
  6. Clarkin, P. F. (2019). The embodiment of war: Growth, development, and armed conflict. Annual Review of Anthropology, 48, 423-442. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102218-011208
  7. Cook, D. A., & Beckman, T. J. (2006). Current concepts in validity and reliability for psychometric instruments: Theory and application. American Journal of Medicine, 119, 166e7–166e16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.10.036
  8. Cosman, I., Macavei, B., Sucala, M., & David, D. (2013). Rational and irrational beliefs and coping strategies among Transylvanian holocaust survivors: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 18(2), 179–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2012.687322

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Psikoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Mayıs 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

17 Kasım 2022

Kabul Tarihi

16 Nisan 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Özüorçun Küçükertan, N., & Karancı, A. N. (2023). A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(2), 265-293. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1202068
AMA
1.Özüorçun Küçükertan N, Karancı AN. A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2023;10(2):265-293. doi:10.31682/ayna.1202068
Chicago
Özüorçun Küçükertan, Nurten, ve Ayşe Nuray Karancı. 2023. “A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 10 (2): 265-93. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1202068.
EndNote
Özüorçun Küçükertan N, Karancı AN (01 Mayıs 2023) A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 10 2 265–293.
IEEE
[1]N. Özüorçun Küçükertan ve A. N. Karancı, “A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale”, AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, c. 10, sy 2, ss. 265–293, May. 2023, doi: 10.31682/ayna.1202068.
ISNAD
Özüorçun Küçükertan, Nurten - Karancı, Ayşe Nuray. “A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 10/2 (01 Mayıs 2023): 265-293. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1202068.
JAMA
1.Özüorçun Küçükertan N, Karancı AN. A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2023;10:265–293.
MLA
Özüorçun Küçükertan, Nurten, ve Ayşe Nuray Karancı. “A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, c. 10, sy 2, Mayıs 2023, ss. 265-93, doi:10.31682/ayna.1202068.
Vancouver
1.Nurten Özüorçun Küçükertan, Ayşe Nuray Karancı. A Study for Scale Development: War Trauma Exposure Scale. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 01 Mayıs 2023;10(2):265-93. doi:10.31682/ayna.1202068