Sanal Gerçeklikle Doğa Terapilerinin Kaygı Belirtileri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme Çalışması

Öz

Bu derleme, sanal gerçeklik (Virtual Reality [VR]) doğa terapilerinin kaygı belirtileri ve psikolojik iyi oluş üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science ve Wiley Online Library veri tabanlarında “Kaygı” (Anxiety OR Anxious Symptoms), “Doğa Temelli Terapi” (Nature Based Therapy OR Ecotherapy), “Sanal Gerçeklik” (Virtual Reality OR VR OR Simulation) anahtar kelimeleriyle 1985 ve 2025 arasında yayımlanan Türkçe ve İngilizce makaleler taranmış, 262 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. İncelenen makaleler alaka düzeyi, öncül amacı ve müdahale yöntemi, kaygı değişkenlerinin varlığı ve bulguların kalitesi kriterlerine göre değerlendirilerek çalışmaya 13’ü dahil edilmiştir. Derleme; 12’si deneysel, 1’i gözlemsel olan bu çalışmalarda farklı yaş grupları ve sağlık koşulları altında VR doğa terapilerinin etkinliğini araştırmaktadır. Bulgular; VR doğa terapilerinin kaygı belirtilerini azaltmada etkili olduğunu, ayrıca ağrı, stres ve depresyon gibi diğer psikolojik belirtileri azalttığını göstermektedir. VR doğa terapilerinin geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerine kıyasla daha az maliyetli ve daha erişilebilir bir alternatif olabileceği vurgulanmaktadır. Ayrıca klinik uygulamalarda tamamlayıcı veya destekleyici bir seçenek olarak kullanılabileceği öne sürülmektedir. İncelenen çalışmaların bazı sınırlılıkları bulunmaktadır. VR doğa terapilerinin uzun vadeli etkileri hakkında daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Mevcut araştırmalar küçük örneklemlere sahip olup spesifik gruplar üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak bu derleme, VR doğa terapilerinin kaygı belirtileri ve psikolojik iyi oluş üzerinde olumlu etkilerini vurgulamaktadır. Ancak daha fazla araştırmaya ve farklı metodolojik yöntemlere dayalı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Gelecekteki araştırmalar, farklı VR doğa terapisi programlarının etkililiğini ve uzun vadeli etkilerini klinik ve genel örneklemler üzerinde incelemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sanal gerçeklik (VR) teknolojisi
• doğa terapisi
• kaygı belirtileri
• psikolojik iyi oluş

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma herhangi bir finansal destek almamıştır

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın tüm aşamalarında bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.

The Impact of Virtual Reality-Based Nature Therapy on Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review

Öz

This systematic review examines the effects of virtual reality (VR) nature therapies on anxiety management and psychological well-being. A literature search was conducted in the ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library databases using the keywords “Anxiety” (Anxiety OR Anxious Symptoms), “Nature-Based Therapy” (Nature-Based Therapy OR Ecotherapy), and “Virtual Reality” (Virtual Reality OR VR OR Simulation) for studies published between 1985 and 2025 in Turkish and English. Initially, 262 articles were identified. After evaluating them based on relevance, primary aim, intervention method, anxiety-related variables, and the quality of the findings, 13 articles were included: 12 experimental and one observational. These studies assessed VR nature therapies across different age groups and health conditions. The findings suggest that VR nature therapies effectively reduce anxiety symptoms and alleviate other psychological issues, such as pain, stress, and depression. Many studies highlight VR-based nature therapies as a cost-effective and accessible alternative to traditional treatments, supporting their use as complementary clinical options. However, limitations exist, particularly regarding longterm effects. Current studies often involve small samples and focus on specific populations. In conclusion, while VR nature therapies show promise for anxiety management and psychological well-being, further research using diverse methodological approaches is needed. Future studies should explore the long-term efficacy of different VR nature therapy programs in both clinical and general populations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• virtual reality (VR) technology
• nature therapy
• anxiety symptoms
• psychological well-being

Destekleyen Kurum

This study did not receive any financial support.

Etik Beyan

I declare that this is an original study; that I have acted in accordance with scientific ethical principles and rules throughout all stages of the study; that I have properly cited all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and included these sources in the reference list; that I have not made any alterations to the data used; and that I have fulfilled my ethical duties and responsibilities.

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