Araştırma Makalesi

An Evaluation of Biophilic Design in Airport Interiors: A Comparative Analysis with Examples from Turkey and Abroad

Cilt: 15 30 Nisan 2026
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An Evaluation of Biophilic Design in Airport Interiors: A Comparative Analysis with Examples from Turkey and Abroad

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the integration of biophilic design principles in airport interiors through a comparative analysis of selected cases from Türkiye and international contexts. Biophilic design seeks to strengthen the relationship between humans and nature within built environments and is increasingly relevant in airport settings due to their scale, intensity of use, and spatial complexity. Materials and Methods: The study uses a qualitative, document-based comparative analysis of ten airport terminals– five from Türkiye and five international. The cases were selected using a criterion-based sampling strategy to ensure diversity in geographical context, climatic conditions, and architectural characteristics. The analysis is based on established biophilic design frameworks (Kellert, 2008; Browning and Ryan, 2014), from which twelve evaluation criteria were derived and operationalized into observable spatial indicators. Each airport was assessed on a four-point ordinal scale (0–3) to determine the degree of integration of these criteria. The resulting data were analyzed using a cross-case comparative approach to identify patterns and variations in biophilic design implementation. Results: The findings reveal significant variation in the extent and mode of biophilic design integration across the cases. Higher-performing airports demonstrate a holistic, multi-layered application of biophilic principles, characterized by the combined presence of vegetation, natural light, materiality, and spatial integration. In contrast, lower-performing cases tend to rely on a limited number of features, primarily daylight and spatial openness. The comparison also highlights a distinction between technical sustainability strategies and experiential biophilic quality, indicating that environmental performance does not necessarily correspond to a perceptible nature-based spatial experience. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that biophilic design in airport environments should be understood as a multidimensional and integrative approach rather than a collection of isolated elements. Although the findings are based on spatial and architectural evaluation rather than user-based empirical data, they provide a structured framework for assessing design potential in large-scale transportation environments. The results suggest that future airport design should adopt more comprehensive and context-responsive biophilic strategies, integrating multiple criteria to enhance spatial quality and environmental responsiveness.

Keywords

Biophilic Design , Airport Architecture , Spatial Analysis , Sustainable Design , Comparative Analysis

Kaynakça

  1. Acar, M. C. (2006). Airport Terminal Binaları. Ankara: Sivil Havacılık Yayınları.
  2. Akçaer, G. (2016). Havalimanı Terminal Binalarında Geniş Açıklık Geçme Sorununun Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemiyle Araştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  3. Ahmad, A., Rahman, N. A., & Ahmad, S. (2025). Exploring the key factors driving the adoption of biophilic design in affordable environments: Perspectives from experts and designers. Planning Malaysia.
  4. Akşit Şahinkaya, S., (2016). Mevcut Bir Havalimanı İçin Çevresel Sürdürülebilirliğin Değerlendirilmesi. İstabul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
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  6. Anonymous, (2025b). Sabiha Gökçen Airport. https://www.sabihagokcen.aero/ (Erişim tarihi: 10/07/2025)
  7. Anonymous, (2025c). Esenboğa Airport. https://esenbogaairport.com/tr-tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 10/07/2025)
  8. Anonymous, (2025d). İzmir Airport. https://izmirairport.com/tr-TR/ (Erişim tarihi: 10/07/2025)
  9. Anonymous, (2025e). Antalya Airport. Reached at https://www.antalya-airport.aero/anasayfa (Erişim tarihi: 10/07/2025)
  10. Anonymous, (2025f). Singapore July Airport. https://www.jewelchangiairport.com/en.html (Erişim tarihi: 2025, 10 July)

Kaynak Göster

APA
Civelek, P., & Bilge Öztürk, G. (2026). An Evaluation of Biophilic Design in Airport Interiors: A Comparative Analysis with Examples from Turkey and Abroad. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 15. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1835085