Traditional Uses of Acorus calamus L. (Eğirotu)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 237 - 246, 30.12.2024

Halim Topaldemir , Beyhan Taş

Öz

In this article, the aim is to provide information on the distribution and traditional uses of Eğirotu (in Turkish) (Acorus calamus L.) from the Acoraceae family. A. calamus is a perennial, herbaceous, rhizomatous, and monocot plant that spreads in wetlands. Due to the rich phytochemical content in its leaves and rhizomes, sweet flag is one of the medicinal plants used in ethnobotany. It contains monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, steroids, asarones, lignans, and inorganic compounds. The natural compounds found in the plant have various effects, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, digestive regulation, relief for coughs, bronchitis, fever, constipation, regulation of the nervous system, skin health, and general lethargy, among others. These properties have led to its long-standing use in Chinese, Indian, and Unani medicine. Consuming any parts of plants without clinical studies can have significant side effects on health. Therefore, it is important to determine the benefits and potential negative effects of the organic or inorganic substances present in plants. Identifying the phytochemical compounds in plants can contribute to ethnobotanical research, which is increasingly important today. The current study aims to introduce the medicinal and aromatic plant A. calamus, which is sold in herbal shops but whose distribution is not well known in Türkiye, through a review of existing literature. It is hoped that the research will contribute to ethnobotanical studies to be conducted in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acorus calamus L., aromatic plant, eğirotu, traditional use, macrophyte, medicinal plant

Eğirotu (Acorus calamus L.) Türünün Geleneksel Kullanım Alanları

Öz

Bu makalede, Acoraceae (Eğirgiller) familyasından Eğirotu (Acorus calamus L.)’nun yayılışı ve geleneksel kullanımı konusunda bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. A. calamus sulak alanlarda yayılış gösteren, çok yıllık, otsu, rizomlu ve monokotil bir bitkidir. Eğirotu, yaprak ve rizomunda bulunan zengin fitokimyasal madde içeriğinden dolayı etnobotanik alanda kullanılan şifalı bitkilerdendir. Yapısında monoterpen, seskiterpen, flavanoidler, alkaloidler, fenil propanoid, stereoidler, asaronlar, lignanlar ve inorganik bileşikler bulunmaktadır. Bitkinin içerdiği bu doğal bileşikler anti-kanser, antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, anti-inflamatuar, sindirim düzenleyici, öksürük, bronşit, ateş, kabızlık, sinir sistemini düzenleme, cilt sağlığı, genel uyuşukluk vb. etkileriyle Çin, Hint ve Unani tıbbında uzun yıllar boyunca kullanılmaktadır. Bitkilerin çeşitli organlarının herhangi bir klinik çalışma uygulanmadan doğrudan tüketilmesinin sağlık üzerinde önemli yan etkileri olabilir. Dolayısıyla bitkilerin yapısında bulunan organik veya inorganik maddelerin yararlarının ve olası olumsuz etkilerinin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bitkilerin içeriğindeki fitokimyasal maddelerin belirlenmesi günümüzde önemi giderek artan etnobotanik araştırmalara katkı sağlayabilir. Mevcut çalışmada, aktarlarda satılan, ancak Türkiye’de yayılış alanı çok fazla bilinmeyen tıbbi ve aromatik bitki A. calamus hakkında bir derleme çalışması yapılarak türün tanıtılması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmanın Türkiye’de etnobotanik alanında yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sağlaması umulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eğirotu, Geleneksel Kullanım, Makrofit, Aromatik Bitki, Tıbbi Bitki, Acorus calamus L.

Kaynakça

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