Pistacia lentiscus L. (Sakız Ağacı)’nın Etnomedikal Kullanımları ve Fitokimyasalları

Öz

Anacardiaceae familyasının önemli bir üyesi olan Pistacia lentiscus L. yeşil ve aromatik yaprak özelliğine sahip Akdeniz ülkelerinin sahile yakın bölgelerinde yetişen çalılık formunda bir bitkidir. Günümüze kadar yapılan birçok farmakolojik çalışmada, sakız ağacının içeriğinde bulunan metabolitlerin çok sayıda hastalığın tedavisinde (antifungal, antibakteriyal, antimikrobiyal, antienflamatuvar, anti-helicobakter pylorii aktivitesi, antiatherogenik aktivite, antitümör aktivite, yara iyileştirici aktivitesi, karaciğer koruyucu aktivite, antiproliferatif ve proapototik aktivite ve tansiyon düşürücü ve antikanser aktivite gibi) kullanıldığı rapor edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Pistacia lentiscus L.'nin reçine ve değişik bitki kısımlarından izole edilen terpenoid, flavonoid, ve fenolik ve fenolik olmayan asitler, yağ asitleri ve uçucu yağlar gibi fitokimyasalları üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Sakız ağacının majör yağ asiti bileşenleri palmitik, linoleik ve linolenik asit, uçucu yağının majör bileşenleri ise germakren-D, trans karyofillen, δ-kardinen, limonen, α-pinen, α-mirsen olarak tespit edilmiştir. Pistacia lentiscus L.'nin majör fenolik ve fenolik olmayan asitleri malik asit, quinik asit ve tannik asit' olup majör flavonoid içerikleri ise hyperoside, luteolin, kaempferol'dır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sakız ağacı
• terpenler
• fenolik bileşenler
• yağ asitleri
• flavonoidler

Pharmacological Applications and Phytochemicals of Pistacia lentiscus L. (Lentisk Tree)

Öz

Pistacia lentiscus L. is an important member of the family of Anacardiaceae and it is in the form of green bushes that grow in areas close to the coast of the Mediterranean countries. A large number of secondary metabolites has been reported in gum mastic trees. These metabolites were tested for many pharmacological applications . It was reported that mastic gum from lentisk has been used by traditional dealers for several medical applications in the folk medicine such as antifungal, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, antiatherogenik activity, antitumor activity, wound-healing activity, liver protective activity, such as antiproliferative and proapototik activity and blood pressure-lowering and anti-cancer activity. In this study, we reviewed the phytochemicals such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic and nonphenolic acids, fatty acids and essential oils extracted from resin and various plant parts of Pistacia lentiscus L. The major fatty acid components of the mastic tree were identified as palmitic, linoleic and linolenic acid, while the major components of the essential oil were germacrene-D, trans caryophyllene, δ-cardia, limonene, α-pinene and α-myrcene. Major phenolic and non-phenolic acids of Pistacia lentiscus L. were identified as malic acid, quinik acid and tannic acid. The major flavonoids of mastic gum trees were hyperoside, luteolin and kaempferol.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lentisk
• terpenes
• phenolic compounds
• fatty acids
• flavonoids

Kaynakça

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