Kısıtlı Sulamanın Seçilmiş Üstün Özellikli Genotipler ile Ticari Çilek Çeşitlerinde Aktif Hasat Süresi Boyunca Meyve Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 52 Sayı: 2, 103 - 112, 24.11.2023

Mehmet Ali Saridas , Burcak Kapur , Eser Çeliktopuz , Sevgi Paydaş

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1337667

Öz

Çalışmada, farklı sulama düzeylerinin çileklerde bazı meyve ve bitki kalite parametreleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bitkisel materyal olarak; tat, aroma ve verim gibi parametreler açısından seçilmiş üstün özellikli genotipler (‘33’,’36’,’59’,’61’ ve ‘112’) ile ‘Rubygem’, ‘Sabrina’ ve ‘Festival’ gibi bazı önemli ticari çilek çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. İspanyol tipi yüksek tünel altında yetiştirilen bitkilere, tam (IR100) ve kısıtlı sulama (IR50) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada meyve et sertliği, suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde miktarı, meyve dış renk değerleri, titre edilebilir asit miktarı, pH, gövde sayısı ve eni incelenmiştir. Söz konusu kalite parametreleri etkin hasat dönemi (Mart, Nisan, Mayıs ayları) boyunca belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada sulama seviyesi, genotip ve meyve hasat zamanına göre, meyve et sertliğinin 0,48 lb/inch2 ile 2,41 lb/inch2; suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde miktarının %5,2 ile %12,0; titre edilebilir asit miktarının %0,56 ile %1,64; gövde sayısının 3,5 adet/bitki ile 11,5 adet/bitki; gövde çapının 38,3 mm ile 83,7 mm arasında dağılım gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak seçilmiş genotiplerin meyve et sertliklerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği, kısıtlı sulama uygulamasıyla bunun kısmen sağlanabileceği görülmüştür. En yüksek meyve renk canlılığının ‘33’ kodlu, en tatlı meyvelerin ise ’36’ kodlu genotipler tarafından üretildiği dikkati çekmiştir. Sonuç olarak; çilek yetiştiriciliğinde uygun genotip seçimi yanında hasat zamanı ve sulama gibi kültürel işlemlerin meyve kalitesi üzerine çok önemli etki yaptığı açıkça ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fragaria x anannassa, Melezleme ıslahı, Stres, Yeme kalitesi

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova Üniversitesi BAP Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

FBA-2019-11687

Teşekkür

Çukurova Üniversitesi BAP Koordinasyon Birimi’ne projemizin (FBA-2019-11687) sağlıklı ve başarılı bir şekilde yürütülmesindeki maddi desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

The Effects of Limited Irrigation on Fruit Quality Parameters During the Active Harvest Period in Selected Superior Genotypes and Commercial Strawberry Cultivars

Öz

The study investigated the effects of different irrigation levels on certain fruit and plant quality parameters in strawberries. As plant materials, important commercial strawberry cultivars such as ‘Rubygem’, 'Sabrina' and 'Festival' alongside selected superior genotypes ('33', '36', '59', '61' and '112') and found to be quite satisfactory in terms of parameters such as taste, aroma and yield were used. Full (IR100) and limited irrigation (IR50) were applied to plants grown under Spanish type high tunnel. Fruit flesh firmness, total soluble solid content, external fruit color values, titratable acidity, pH, stem number, and width were examined as quality parameters throughout the effective harvesting period (March, April, May). The results revealed that fruit flesh firmness ranged from 0.48 lb inch-2 to 2.41 lb inch-2, soluble solid content varied between %5.2 and %12.0, titratable acidity ranged from %0.56 to %1.64, stem number ranged from 3.5 per plant to 11.5 per plant, and stem width showed a distribution between 38.3 mm and 83.7 mm, depending on irrigation level, genotype, and fruit harvesting time. As a conclusion, it was evident that the fruit flesh firmness of the selected genotypes needs improvement, and limited irrigation could partially achieve this. The genotype coded '33' exhibited the highest fruit color saturation, while the sweetest fruits were produced by genotype '36'. Therefore, proper selection of genotypes, as well as cultural practices such as harvesting time and irrigation, play a crucial role in determining fruit quality in strawberry cultivation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fragaria x anannassa, Cross-Breeding, Stress, Eating Quality

Proje Numarası

FBA-2019-11687

Kaynakça

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