The Effect of Therapeutic Touch on the Loneliness and Hopelessness Levels of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 611 - 619, 25.12.2024

Zehra Bayram , Songül Karadağ

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1441305

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study to examine the effect of therapeutic touch on loneliness and hopelessness levels in hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with patients undergoing hemodialysis at the hemodialysis unit of a hospital in Turkiye. The sample consisted of 40 patients (20 control, 20 intervention) who voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected using the Patient Information Form, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and BECK Hopelessness Scale. Therapeutic Touch was given to the patients in the intervention group for 15 minutes every other day for three days, whereas no interventions other than routine care were applied to patients in the control group. Results: After the therapeutic touch, it was found that the mean scores received from UCLA and BECK scales were statistically lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study found that the Therapeutic Touch intervention decreased the loneliness and hopelessness levels of the patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemodialysis, Nursing, Hopelessness, Loneliness, Therapeutic Touch.

Etik Beyan

Ethics Committee approval (02.10.2020/17) from an University Faculty of Medicine Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee and written institutional permission (77378720-774.99) from the place where the study was conducted were obtained in order to conduct the study.

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects

Proje Numarası

TYL-2021-13345

Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Hastalarda Terapötik Dokunmanın Yalnızlık ve Umutsuzluk Düzeylerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemodiyaliz hastalarına uygulanan terapötik dokunmanın yalnızlık ve umutsuzluk düzeyine etkisini incelemek amacıyla randomize kontrollü deneysel bir çalışma olarak yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışma, Türkiye' deki bir hastanenin hemodiyaliz ünitesinde hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören hastalarla gerçekleştirildi. Örneklemi araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 40 hasta (20 kontrol, 20 müdahale) oluşturmuştur. Veriler Hasta Bilgi Formu, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği ve BECK Umutsuzluk Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Müdahale grubundaki hastalara üç gün boyunca günaşırı 15 dakika Terapötik Dokunma uygulaması yapılırken, kontrol grubundaki hastalara rutin bakım dışında herhangi bir müdahale uygulanmadı. Bulgular: Tedavi edici dokunmanın sonrasında müdahale grubunda UCLA ve BECK ölçeklerinden alınan puan ortalamalarının kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşük olduğu belirlendi (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmamız Terapötik Dokunma müdahalesinin hastaların yalnızlık ve umutsuzluk düzeylerini azalttığını bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemodiyaliz, Hemşirelik, Umutsuzluk, Yalnızlık, Terapötik Dokunma.

Proje Numarası

TYL-2021-13345

Kaynakça

• Akbaş, E., Taşdemir Yiğitoğlu, G., Cunkuş, N. (2020). Social isolation and loneliness in the elderly. International Journal of Society Studies, 15-26.
• Alp, F. Y., Yucel, S. C. (2020). The effect of therapeutic touch on the comfort and anxiety of nursing home residents. Journal of Religion and Health, 60, 2037–2050. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01025-4
• Aydın, M., Kutlu, F.Y. (2021). The effect of group art therapy on loneliness and hopelessness levels of older adults living alone: A randomized controlled study. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 29(3), 271-284. https://doi.org/10.5152/FNJN.2021.20224
• Bağcı, H., Çınar Yücel, Ş. (2019). Effect of therapeutic touch on sleep quality in elders living at nursing homes. Journal of Religion and Health, 59:1304–1318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00831-9
• Başaran, D., Altun Şahin, Ö., Kaban, F., Ecder, T. (2016). Perceived social support and hopelessness levels in hemodialysis patients. Journal of Nephrology Nursing, 11: 9 – 16.
• Burrai, F., Lupi, R., Luppi, M., Micheluzzi, V., Donati, G., Lamanna, G. (2019). Effects of listening to live singing in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized controlled crossover study. Biological Research For Nursing, 21(1):30-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004188026
• Cengiz, D.U., Çıtlak Sarıtaş, S. (2019). The effect of illness perception on hopelessness level of patients receiving hemodialysis. Turkish Journal of Nephrology, 28(4): 257-62. https://doi.org/10.5152/turkjnephrol.2019.3477
• Çeçen, A.R. (2008). Examining the loneliness and social support levels of students according to their gender and parental attitude perceptions. Turkish Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(3), 415-431.
• Chu, S. W. F., Ng, W. J., Yeam, C. T., Khan, R. Q., Low, L. L., Quah, J. H. M., ... Seng, J. J. B. (2022). Manipulative and body-based methods in chronic kidney disease patients: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 48, 101593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101593
• Demir, A. (1989). The validity and reliability of UCLA loneliness scale. Journal of Psychology, 14.
• Dieli Conwright, C.M., Courneya, K.S., Demark Wahnefried, W., Sami, N., Lee, K., Sweeney, F.C., … Stewart, C. (2018). Aerobic and resistance exercise improves physical fitness, bone health, and quality of life in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research, 20(1):124. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-018-1051-6
• Durak, A. (1994). Beck hopelessness scale (BHS) validity and reliability study. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 9, 1-11.
• Dziubek, W., Kowalska, J., Kusztal, M., Rogowski, Ł., Gołębiowski, T., Nikifur, M., … Klinger, M. (2016). The level of anxiety and depression in dialysis patients undertaking regular physical exercise training--a preliminary study. Kidney & Blood Pressure Research, 41(1):86-98. https://doi.org/10.1159/000368548
• Eckert, K., Motemaden, L., Alves, M. (2018). Effect of hemodialysis compared with conservative management on quality of life in older adults with end-stage renal disease: Systematic review. Hospice and Palliative Nursing, 20(3):279–285. https://doi.org/10.1097/njh.0000000000000444
• Karaoğlu, N., Avşaroğlu, S., Deniz, M.E. (2009). Are you lonely? A study about loneliness, in university students, in Selcuk University. Marmara Medical Journal, 22(1), 19-26.
• Karingga, D. D. (2021). Effect therapeutic touch on anxiety patients with chronic kidneys diseases (CKD) with hemodialysis. In The 3rd Joint International Conference, 204-212.
• Koç, Z., Sağlam, Z. (2009). The determination of the hemodialysis patients’ loneliness levels. Journal of Nephrology Nursing, 29-36.
• Mueller, G., Palli, C., Schumacher, P. (2018). The effect of therapeutic touch on back pain in adults on a neurological unit: An experimental pilot study. Pain Management Nursing, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2018.09.002
• Newshan, G., Schuller Civitella, D. (2003). Large clinical study shows value of therapeutic touch program. Holistic Nursing Practice, 17(4), 189–192.
• Olivares, A., Comini, L., Orfano, J., Froldi, M., Vezzadini, G. (2019). Occupational therapy with Nordic walking and therapeutic touch: A pilot study for multidisciplinary rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease. NeuroRehabilitation, 45(1):125-34. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE-192772
• Ovayolu, N., Pehlivan, S., Uçan, Ö., Çuhadar, D. (2007). Relationship between loneliness and depression levels in hemodialysis patients. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 8:293-296.
• Reeve, K., Black, P. A., Huang, J. (2020). Examining the impact of a Healing Touch intervention to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in combat veterans. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(8), 897–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000591
• Russell, D., Peplau, L.A., Cutrona, C.E. (1980). The revised ucla loneliness scale: concurrent and discriminate validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472-480.
• Seber, G., Dilbaz, N., Kaptanoğlu, C., Durmuş, T. (1993). Hopelessness scale: Validity and reliability. Journal of Crisis,139-142.
• Thomas, Z., Novak, M., Platas, S.G.T., Gautier, M., Holguin, A.P., Fox, R., … Segal, M. (2017). Brief mindfulness meditation for depression and anxiety symptoms in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a pilot feasibility study. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 12(12):2008-15. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03900417
• Vural Doğru, B., Utli, H., Şenuzun Aykar, F. (2021). Effect of therapeutic touch on daytime sleepiness, stress and fatigue among students of nursing and midwifery: A randomized sham-controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 43.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101322
• Webster, A.C., Nagler, E.V., Morton, R.L., Masson, P. (2017). Chronic kidney disease. The Lancet, 1238-1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5