Orman Yollarında Çelik Boru Menfez Uygulaması (Yalıköy Orman İşletme Şefliği Örneği)

Öz

Orman yollarının uzun süreli hizmet verebilmesi için drenaj yapılarının eksiksiz yapılması, suyun yol yüzeyinden ve çevresinden uzaklaştırılması gerekmektedir. Drenaj yapılarının planlanması, seçimi, konumlandırılması ve inşa edilmesi bu açıdan çok önemlidir. Bu çalışma, İstanbul Çatalca Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı Yalıköy Orman İşletme Şefliği alanları içerisinde yer alan bir orman yolu üzerinde yapılmıştır. Bu yol üzerinde drenaj için çelik boru menfezler yapılmış ve bu menfezlerin teknik özellikleri, planlanması, yapımı ve konumlandırılması gibi tüm konular detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada üç adet 80 cm, bir adet 150 cm, bir adet 160 cm ve bir adet 170 cm çapında 6 adet çelik boru menfez kullanılmıştır. Menfezlerin uzunlukları 7 ile 15 metre arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Güzergah boyunca toplam 72 m menfez kullanılmış olup, bu menfezlerin toplam maliyeti 13.04,.00 USD olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu menfezlerin üç adedi dere geçişlerinde ve diğer üç adedi ise kenar hendeklerindeki suyun yolun karşısına geçirmekte kullanılmıştır. Talbot yöntemi ile menfezlerin hesaplanan kesit alanlarının menfez havzası için yeterli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Menfezler için gerekli kazı alanı boyutları, dolgu malzemesi miktarı ve baş duvar için gerekli olan taş malzeme gibi tüm teknik detaylar incelenmiştir. Çelik boru menfezlerin orman yolunda kullanılmasının diğer drenaj yapılarına göre sağladığı avantajlar ve dezavantajlar irdelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Drenaj yapıları
• menfez
• maliyet
• orman yolu
• kesit alanı

Application of Steel Pipe Culverts on Forest Roads (Yalıköy Forest Management Di-rectorate Example)

Abstract

In order for forest roads to provide long-term service, drainage structures must be properly designed and constructed to effectively remove water from the road surface and its surroundings. The planning, selection, positioning, and construction of these drainage structures are therefore of critical importance. This study was conducted on a forest road within the Yalıköy Forest Management Directorate under the Istanbul Forest Regional Directorate. For drainage purposes, steel pipe culverts were installed along this road and all aspects—including technical specifications, planning, construction, and positioning—were examined in detail. Six steel pipe culverts were used: three with a diameter of 80 cm, and one each with diameters of 150 cm, 160 cm, and 170 cm. The lengths of the culverts ranged from 7 to 15 meters, with a total of 72 meters of culvert installed along the road. The total cost of these culverts was calculated as $13,045.00 USD. Three culverts were used for stream crossings, while the other three served to convey water from roadside ditches across the road. The cross-sectional areas of the culverts, calculated using the Talbot method, were found to be adequate for the drainage basins. Technical details such as the dimensions of the required excavation areas, the amount of backfill material, and the stone material needed for headwalls were thoroughly analyzed. Additionally, the advantages and disadvantages of using steel pipe culverts on forest roads, compared to other types of drainage structures, were evaluated.

Keywords

• Drainage structures
• culvert
• cost
• forest road
• cross section area

Kaynakça

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