Hydrologic Assessment of Trabzon (NE Turkey) River Basins through the Morphometric Analysis Using Geographic Information System

Öz

In this study, morphometric analyzes of water catchment basins of 10 different rivers (Ağasar, Fol, Galanima, Değirmendere, Yomra, Yanbolu, Karadere, Küçükdere, Manahoz and Solaklı rivers), which are located in the Eastern Black Sea Region and flows into the Black Sea within the Trabzon city, were done due to investigate the aspect of hydrology. Morphometric parameters related to hydrological processes (drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, length of the overland flow, form factor and elongation ratio) were used in the analysis. As the basic parameters for derivation of these parameters; basin area, basin perimeter length, basin length, stream order, stream number and total stream length parameters were used. As a result of the morphometric analysis, it was determined that Değirmendere, Karadere and Solaklı basins are more sensitive to flooding and flashflood, the surface permeability is very low in the Fol and Ağasar basins, and the soil erosion and sediment transport is quite high in the Yanbolu basin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trabzon
• river basin
• morphometric analysis
• geographic information system

Trabzon (KD Türkiye) Akarsu Havzalarının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi Kullanılarak Morfometrik Analiz Yoluyla Hidrolojik Değerlendirmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan ve Trabzon ili sınırları içerisinden Karadeniz’e dökülen 10 farklı akarsuyun (Ağasar, Fol, Galanima, Değirmendere, Yomra, Yanbolu, Karadere, Küçükdere, Manahoz ve Solaklı dereleri) su toplama havzalarının hidrolojik açıdan incelenmesi amacıyla Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi kullanılarak morfometrik analizleri yapılmıştır. Analizlerin yapılmasında hidrolojik süreçler ile ilgili olan morfometrik parametreler (drenaj yoğunluğu, akarsu sıklığı, drenaj dokusu, yüzeysel akış uzunluğu, şekil faktörü ve uzama oranı) kullanılmıştır. Bu parametrelerin türetilmesi için temel parametreler olarak; havza alanı, havza çevresi uzunluğu, havza uzunluğu, akış dizilimi, akış numarası ve toplam akış uzunluğu parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan morfometrik analizler sonucunda, çalışma alanında bulunan akarsu havzalarından Değirmendere, Karadere ve Solaklı havzalarının sel ve taşkın açısından daha hassas, Fol ve Ağasar havzalarında yüzey geçirimliliğinin çok düşük, Yanbolu havzasında ise toprak aşınımı ve taşınmasının oldukça yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trabzon
• akarsu havzası
• morfometrik analiz
• coğrafi bilgi sistemi

Kaynakça

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