Sarıçam, Karaçam ve Kızılçam Basınç Odununun Kimyasal Yapısı

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 18, 33 - 39, 12.05.2010

Ayben Kılıç Süheyla Esin Sarıusta Harzemşah Hafızoğlu

Öz

Ülkemizde doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Sarıçam (Pinus sylvetris L.), Karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold.) ve

Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) ağaçlarında çeşitli dış etkenler nedeniyle oluşan basınç odunlarına ait kimyasal

yapılar normal odunla karşılaştırılmıştır.

Genel olarak her üç türün basınç odununda α-selüloz miktarı azalırken, lignin miktarları artmıştır. Lignin

miktarındaki artış %5 civarında gerçekleşmiştir.α-selüloz miktarı ise karaçam ve kızılçamda %4 azalırken

sarıçamda bu oran % 5 olmuştur. İstatistiksel olarak holoselüloz miktarı sarıçam ve karaçam basınç odunlarında

değişmezken, kızılçamda azalma tespit edilmiştir. Sıcak su çözünürlük değerleri sarıçam ve kızılçamda yaklaşık

%1 oranında artarken karaçamda bu oran sadece %0,3 olmuştur. Diğer çözünürlük değerlerinden soğuk su ve

alkol çözünürlükleri ise istatistiksel olarak sadece karaçam ve kızılçam basınç odununda artış göstermiştir. Kül

miktarı sarıçam basınç odununda normal oduna oranla daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sarıçam, Karaçam, Kızılçam, Reaksiyon odunu, Basınç odunu

Chemical Structure of Compression Wood of Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra and P. brutia

Öz

Chemical composition of normal wood and compression wood formed by different outdoor effects, in Pinus

sylvetris L, Pinus nigra Arnold and Pinus brutia Ten was comparatively studied.

In general, the amount of α-cellulose was found to be decrease in the compression wood. In European black pine

and Turkish pine, α-cellulose decrease 4%; however, in Scots pine this ratio was 5%. To the contrary lignin

content was increased approximately 5% in all species. Statistically, the amount of holocellulose in the

compression wood of Scots pine and European black pine did not show any changes while, it was observed to

decrease in Turkish pine. Hot water solubility values were found to be increased 1% in Scots pine and Turkish

pine. This ratio was only 0.3% in European black pine. However cold water and alcohol solubility were found to

be increased statistically only in European black pine and Scots pine. Compared to normal wood ash content was

found to be more in compression wood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Scots pine, European Black pine, Turkish pine, Reaction wood, Compression wood

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