Alkali İşlem Görmüş Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) Saplarından Üretilen Yongalevhaların Kimyasal, Fiziksel Ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 758 - 770, 15.12.2019

Gürcan Güler

Öz

Bu çalışmada, ayçiçeği sapı yongalarının %1-5 sodyum hidroksit
ile muamelenin kimyasal bileşim üzerindeki etkileri ve kimyasal bileşenlerdeki
değişimlerin üretilen yongalevhaların fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri üzerine
etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Gaz kromatografik analiz ve Fourier dönüşümlü
kızılötesi (FTIR) spektroskopisi sonuçları uygulanan sodyum hydroksit derişimi
arttıkça yongalardaki ekstraktif madde, hemiselüloz ve lignin miktarlarının
azaldığını, selüloz miktarının ise arttığı göstermiştir. Termogravimetrik
analiz (TGA), alkali uygulamaların yongaların termal stabilitesini azalttığını
göstermiştir. Su alma (WA) ve kalınlığına şişme (TS) analizi, alkali işlemlerin
üretilen yonga levhaların su geçirmezliğini azalttığını ortaya koymuştur.
Elastikiyet modülü (MOE), eğilme direnci (MOR) ve yüzeye dik çekme direnci (IB)
kullanılarak, üretilen yonga levhaların mekanik özellikleri değerlendirilmiş ve
sadece %1 sodyum hidroksit ile muamele görmüş yongalardan üretilen levhaların,
TS-EN 312 standardına göre kuru şartlarda genel amaçlı kullanılan levhalar için
beklenilen değerleri karşıladığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayçiçeği sapı, alkali işlem, fiziksel ve mekanik özellikler, termal statibilite

Chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of particleboards manufactured from NaOH-treated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) stalks

Öz

In the present study, the effects of 1 to 5% sodium
hydroxide treatments of sunflower stalk particles on the chemical composition
and the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were evaluated.
Proximate analysis, gas chromatographic determination, and FTIR spectroscopic
identification showed that the lignin, hemicellulose, and extractive contents
of particles were reduced by alkali treatment, while cellulose contents were
raised. Alkali treatments decreased the thermal stability of the particles
according to TGA. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) analysis
showed that alkali treatments also reduced the water resistance of the produced
particleboards. Using modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR),
and internal bond (IB) strength analysis, the mechanical properties of produced
particleboards were evaluated. Only the treatment with 1% sodium hydroxide
resulted in excellent mechanical properties of the produced particleboards,
meeting the requirements for general-purpose particleboards used in dry circumstances,
according to the TS-EN 312 standard.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sunflower stalks, alkali treatment, physical and mechanic properties, thermal stability

Kaynakça

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