Betonarme yapılarda tasarım kararları yüksekten düşmeyi nasıl etkiler?

Öz

Tasarım Yoluyla Önleme (PtD) ve Güvenlik için Tasarım (DfS) artık işçi sağlığı ve iş güvenliği ile bina tasarımını bir araya getiren kavramlar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Yakın zamanda yapılan bir dizi çalışma, tasarım sürecinde tasarımcılar tarafından verilen bazı kararların birçok riskin temelini oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada betonarme binalarda yüksekten düşme ile geleneksel tasarım süreci arasında ilişki kurulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bina tasarım sürecinin aşamalara ayrılması ve ardından tasarım aşamasında, sektörde çalışan mimar ve mühendislerden görüşleri çalışmanın temellerini oluşturmaktadır. Keza bu temele ek olarak kullanılan kaza türleri, Çalışma Bakanlığı'nın iş kazası inceleme raporları temel alınarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen 15 tür yüksekten düşme kazasından 12'si tasarım kararlarına bağlanmıştır. Bunlardan 6 farklı kaza türü 5 veya daha fazla tasarım kararıyla ilişkilendirilirken, 2 tanesi 3 veya 4 tasarım kararıyla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Kalan 4 kaza türü ise sadece 1 tasarım kararıyla ilişkilendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tasarım Kararları
• Güvenlik İçin Tasarım
• İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği
• Tasarım Yoluyla Önleme
• Betonarme Yapılar.

How design decisions change fall from heights in reinforced concrete structures?

Öz

Prevention through Design (PtD) and Design for Safety (DfS) are now being considered in relation to occupational health and safety and building design. A recent collection of studies suggests that certain decisions made by designers during the design process are at the root of many risks. A study was undertaken to relate falls from height to the conventional design process for reinforced concrete buildings. This was achieved by dividing the building design process into stages. During the design phase, input was gathered from architects and engineers working in the sector. Accident types were identified based on studies of occupational accident investigation reports from the Ministry of Labor. Of the 15 types of fall from height accidents studied, 12 were attributed to design decisions. Of these, 6 different accident types were associated with 5 or more design decisions, while 2 of these were associated with 3 or 4 design decisions. The remaining 4 types were linked to only 1 design decision.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Design Decisions
• Design for Safety
• Occupational Health and Safety
• Prevention through Design
• Reinforced Concrete Structures

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