Importance levels of critical motivation components for tourists traveling by motorcycle

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 46, 1169 - 1184, 31.12.2021

Nuran Abutalıbov , Oğuz Türkay

https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.866820

Cited By: 2

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to understand the basic motivations of tourists traveling by motorcycles, and to compare the importance of these motivations with each other and to determine whether they differ according to personal characteristics. The data obtained from 914 motorcyclists through the questionnaire were evaluated. Factor analysis was used to create motivation dimensions, and independent samples t-test and One-way ANOVA were used in determining the differences according to personal characteristics. The findings revealed that motorcycle travel motivation can be examined within the scope of safety and guidance, facilities, driving comfort, attractiveness, and experience dimensions. Among these dimensions, the most important one for the participants was the experience. The motorcycle ride itself, the unique experience it offers, was seen as the most important one. This was followed by experiencing natural ecology, scenery, and cultural attractions. Besides, the presence of traffic direction signs, lighting, health, and first aid facilities on the route were also considered to play an important role. The degree of importance given to motivational dimensions may differ according to participant characteristics and travel preferences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourists traveling by motorcycle, Travel motivation, ,

Motosikletle seyahat eden turistler için kritik motivasyon unsurlarının önem düzeyleri

Öz

Motosikletle seyahat eden turistlerin tüketim kalıpları üzerine odaklanılan bu çalışmada, bu kitlenin temel motivasyonları anlaşılmaya çalışılmakta, bu motivasyonların önem derecelerinin birbiriyle kıyaslanması ve kişisel özelliklere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı sınanmaktadır. Anket aracılığıyla 914 motosiklet kullanıcısından elde edilen veri değerlendirilmiştir. Motivasyon boyutlarının oluşturulmasında faktör analizi, kişisel özelliklere göre farklılaşmaların tespitinde ise bağımsız örnekleme t-testi ve Tek yönlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, motosikletle seyahat motivasyonunun güvenlik ve yönlendirme, tesisler, sürüş konforu, çekicilikler ve deneyim boyutları kapsamında incelenebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu boyutlardan deneyimin katılımcılar için çok önemli olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Motosiklet seyahatinin sunduğu eşsiz deneyim en önemli görülen unsurdur. Bunu doğal ekoloji, manzara ve kültürel çekicilikleri deneyimleme takip etmektedir. Buna ek olarak, gidilen güzergâh üzerinde trafik yön işaretlerinin, aydınlatmanın bulunması, sağlık ve ilk yardım kuruluşlarının var olması da önemli görülmektedir. Motivasyon unsurlarına verilen önemin derecesi katılımcı özelliklerine ve tercih edilen seyahat özelliklerine göre farklılaşabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motosikletle seyahat eden turistler, Seyahat motivasyonu, ,

Kaynakça

• Abutalibov, N. ve Türkay, O. (2019). Motosikletle seyahat: Moto-turist davranışının analizi, Ş.Demirkol (Ed.). 18. Geleneksel Turizm Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı (170-186). İstanbul Üniversitesi.
• ACEM (2004). Smart Wheels for City Streets, 16.05.2019 tarihinde https://www.acem.eu/images/stories/doc/publications/d_smart_wheels_25889.pdf adresinden erişildi.
• Ak, B. (2005). Parametrik hipotez testi, Ş. Kalaycı (Ed.). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri içinde (72-83). Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti.
• Alıcıoğlu, B., Yalnız, E., Eşkin, D., ve Yılmaz, B. (2008). Motosiklet kazalarına bağlı yaralanmalar. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 42(2), 106–111.
• Ardahan, F. ve Güleç, S. (2020). Developing and doing validity and reliability of the motivational factors scale of recreational motorcycle usage. Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 4(3), 129-144.
• Auster, C.J. (2001). Transcending potential antecedent leisure constraints: The case of women motorcycle operators. Journal of Leisure Research, 33(3), 272-298.
• Austin, D. M., Gagne, P. ve Orend, A. (2010). Commodification and popular ımagery of the biker in american culture. The Journal of Popular Culture, 43(5), 942-963.
• Ay, M. ve Özel, Ç.H. (2019). Postmodern Turist deneyimi: Motosikletli kadın gezginlerin deneyimleri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 9(2), 630-645.
• Cater, C. (2017a). Long way up: Peripheral motorcycle tourism to the North Cape. D. Weaver, Y. S. Lee, ve N. Prebensen (Ed.). Arctic tourism experiences: Production, consumption, and sustainability içinde (149-158). CABI Publishing.
• Cater, C.I. (2017b). Tourism on two wheels: Patterns of motorcycle leisure in Wales. Tourism Management, 61, 180-189.
• Chesham, D. J., Rutter, D. R., ve Quine, L. (1993). Motorcycling safety research: A review of the social and behavioural literature. Social Science & Medicine, 37(3), 419–429.
• Elliot, M.A., Baughan, C.J., Broughton, J., Chinn, B., Grayson, G.B., Knowles, J. ve diğerleri (2003). Motorcycle safety: A scoping study prepared for road safety division, department for transport (Rapor No: 581). TRL Limited. 09.07.2019 tarihinde https://trl.co.uk/sites/default/files/TRL581.pdf adresinden erişildi.
• Frash R.E., Blose, J.E., Smith, W.W. ve Scherhag, K. (2018). A multidisciplinary marketing profile of motorcycle tourists: Explorers escaping routine to find flow on scenic routes. Tourism Recreation Research, 43(4), 432-444.
• Frash, R.E. ve Blose, J.E. (2019). Serious leisure as a predictor of travel intentions and flow in motorcycle tourism. Tourism Recreation Research, 44(4), 516-531.
• Hair, J. F., Black., W. C., Babin., B. J., Anderson., R. E. ve Tatham., R.L. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis. 6. Baskı. Pearson International Edition.
• Han, H., Meng, B., ve Kim, W. (2017). Bike-traveling as a growing phenomenon: Role of attributes, value, satisfaction, desire, and gender in developing loyalty. Tourism Management, 59, 91-103.
• Hardy, A. (2006). Drive tourism: A methodological discussion with a view to further understanding the drive tourism market in British Columbia, Canada. Community Development Institute ve University of Northern British Columbia. 03.08.2019 tarihinde https://www.unbc.ca/sites/default/files/assets/community_development_institute/publications/a_hardy_cdi_paper.pdf adresinden erişildi.
• Hardy, A., Beeton, R. J. S. ve Carter, R. W. (2005). Innovation through ıterations: Improving regional touring routes through survey research, D. Carson ve J. Macbeth (Ed.). Regional Tourism Cases: Innovation in Regional Tourism (91–101). Common Ground Publishing.
• Hobbs, C., Galer, I. ve Stroud, P. (1986). The characteristics and attitudes of motorcyclists: A national survey. transport and road research laboratory (Rapor No:51). TRL Limited. 16.05.2019 tarihinde https://trl.co.uk/sites/default/files/RR051.pdf adresinden erişildi.
• Lee, T.C. (2007). An Agent-Based Model to Simulate Motorcycle Behaviour in Mixed Traffic Flow [Doktora Tezi], University of London.
• Leong, S. T.,Muttamara, S. ve Laortanakul, P. (2002). Influence of Benzene Emission from Motorcycle On Bangkok Air Quality. Atmospheric Environment, 36(4), 651-661.
• Mahrani, M., Ruliana, P. ve Ritonga, R. (2020). Building the Image of Semarang City through Motocross World Championship, Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia, 5(2), 243-253.
• Motorcycles Data (t.y.). World motorcycles market, 02.04.2019 tarihinde https://motorcyclesdata.com/2019/03/25/world-motorcycles-market/ adresinden erişildi.
• Olsen, M. (2002). Keeping track of the self drive market. D. Carson, I. Wallerandand ve N. Scott (Ed.). Drive tourism: Up the Wallanda round the bend (11–24). Common Ground Publishing.
• Özgür, E. (2013). Yaşa göre değer farklılıkları ve siyasi kuşak aidiyeti. Sosyoloji Dergisi, 26(1), 45-76.
• Quadri-Felitti, D., Sykes, D. ve Chen, F. (2019). Is motorcycle tourism ready to rev up in Pennsylvania? An exploratory study of suppliers’ business attitudes of motorcycle tourism. International Journal of Culture, Tourism And Hospitality Research, 13(1), 1-15.
• Ramoa, C.E.A., Pires, P.S. ve Añaña, E.S. (2021). Motorcycle tourism and nature: An analysis of motorcyclists´ motivations to travel. Leisure Studies, DOI: 10.1080/02614367.2020.1858327
• Reio Jr., T.G. ve Shuck, B. (2015). Exploratory factor analysis: Implications for theory, research, and practice. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 17(1), 12-25.
• Schouten, J. W. ve McAlexander, J. H. (1995). Subcultures of consumption: An ethnography of the new bikers. Journal Of Consumer Research, 22(1), 43–61.
• Shih, H. Y. (2006). Network characteristics of drive tourism destinations: An application of network analysis in tourism. Tourism Management, 27(5), 1029–1039.
• Sykes, D. (2021). Cruising and clanning: The motorcycle tourism tribal experience. C. Pforr, R. Dowling ve M. Volgger (Ed.). Consumer Tribes in Tourism (189-202). Springer.
• Sykes, D. M. ve Kelly, K. G. (2012). Mapping the study of motorcycle tourism: Impacts and opportunities. International Conference on Tourism and Events: Opportunities, Impacts And Change. Ulster Business School, University of Ulster.
• Sykes, D. ve Kelly, K.G. (2014). Motorcycle tourism demand generators and dynamic interaction leisure. International Journal of Culture, Tourism And Hospitality Research, 8(1), 92-102.
• Sykes, D. M. ve Kelly, K. G. (2016). Motorcycle drive tourism leading to rural tourism opportunities. Tourism Economics, 22(3), 543-557.
• Taber, K.S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research ınstruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48, 1273–1296.
• Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2019). Ulaştırma İstatistikleri. 09.07.2019 tarihinde http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1051 adresinden erişildi.
• Walker, L. (2011) Tourism and leisure motorcycle riding. B. Prideaux ve D. Carson (Ed.). Drive Tourism: Trends And Emerging Markets (146–158). Routledge Publishing.
• Weinzimmer, D., Newman, P., Taff, D., Benfield, J., Lynch, E. ve Bell, P. (2014). Human Responses to simulated motorized noise in national parks. Leisure Sciences An Interdisciplinary Journal, 36(3), 251–267.
• Wu, D.C., Song, H. ve Shen, S. (2017). New developments in tourism and hotel demand modeling and forecasting. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 507-529.
• Wu, H., Ai, C. ve Chang, Y. (2021). What drives experiential sharing ıntentions towards motorcycle touring? The Case of Taiwan. Journal of China Tourism Research, 17(1), 90-119.
• Yüksel, M. (2014). Cinsiyet ve spor. Tarih Okulu Dergisi, 7(19), 663-684.