Araştırma Makalesi

Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers' Vital Signs and Safety

Sayı: 2026 2 Kasım 2026
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Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers' Vital Signs and Safety

Öz

Underground mines are high-risk working environments where hazardous gases, oxygen deficiency, elevated temperature, physical fatigue, and limited access to workers can lead to severe safety incidents. Delays in detecting dangerous conditions and initiating emergency responses can further increase the consequences of such incidents. This study proposes a conceptual intelligent Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for real-time monitoring of both workers' physiological conditions and their surrounding environmental conditions in underground mines. The proposed architecture consists of three main layers: a smart vest, a tunnel communication layer, and a central control station. The smart vest integrates physiological and environmental sensors to collect data such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, body temperature, motion status, methane, carbon monoxide, ambient oxygen concentration, temperature, and humidity. An ESP32-based processing unit is considered for local data acquisition and preliminary processing, while LoRa-based communication nodes are proposed to transmit data through underground tunnels. A central control station based on a Raspberry Pi is designed to receive, store, visualize, and manage monitoring data and emergency alerts. A threshold-based decision mechanism is initially considered for identifying potentially hazardous conditions, while the architecture is designed to support future integration of machine learning methods for personalized anomaly detection and predictive safety monitoring. The study provides a technical evaluation of the proposed architecture, its components, communication structure, operational scenarios, and implementation limitations. As a conceptual design, the proposed system does not claim field-tested performance; rather, it provides a structured framework for future prototype development, laboratory evaluation, and deployment in underground mining environments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

No supporting institution.

Etik Beyan

This study did not involve human participants, animals, or identifiable personal data. Therefore, ethical committee approval was not required.

Teşekkür

The author would like to thank the individuals and organizations whose publicly available technical documentation supported the conceptual development of this study.

Kaynakça

  1. Analog Devices. (2018). MAX30102: High-sensitivity pulse oximeter and heart-rate sensor for wearable health (Rev. 1). https://www.analog.com/en/products/MAX30102.html
  2. Bland, J. M., & Altman, D. G. (1986). Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. The Lancet, 327(8476), 307–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8
  3. Branch, P. (2022). Measurements and models of 915 MHz LoRa radio propagation in an underground gold mine. Sensors, 22(22), 8653. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228653
  4. Duan, L.-C., Minh, N.-N., Dung, T.-C., & Linh, T.-T. (2026). Energy-efficient TinyML approach for wearable fall detection on edge devices using spatial-temporal deep learning. International Journal of Technology, 17(3), 919–935. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v17i3.8445
  5. Farahani, B., Firouzi, F., Chang, V., Badaroglu, M., Constant, N., & Mankodiya, K. (2018). Towards fog-driven IoT eHealth: Promises and challenges of IoT in medicine and healthcare. Future Generation Computer Systems, 78, 659–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.04.036
  6. IECEx. (n.d.). IECEx Certified Equipment Scheme: Overview. https://www.iecex.com/certified-equipment-scheme/overview/ (accessed 14 October 2026).
  7. International Labour Organization. (2009). Safety and health in underground coalmines: ILO code of practice. Geneva: ILO. https://researchrepository.ilo.org/esploro/outputs/995218841102676
  8. Jiang, Y., Chen, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., & Yang, G. (2024). Real-time monitoring of underground miners’ status based on mine IoT system. Sensors, 24(3), 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24030739

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Siberfizik Sistemleri ve Nesnelerin İnterneti, Şaşırtmalı Makine Öğrenimi, Veri Madenciliği ve Bilgi Keşfi, Akıllı Robotik, Yapay Zeka (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

2 Kasım 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Eylül 2026

Kabul Tarihi

2 Kasım 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 2026

Kaynak Göster

APA
Darzi, M. H. (2026). Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety. Computer Science, 2026. https://doi.org/10.53070/bbd.2031016
AMA
1.Darzi MH. Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety. JCS. 2026;(2026). doi:10.53070/bbd.2031016
Chicago
Darzi, Mohammad Hossein. 2026. “Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety”. Computer Science, sy 2026. https://doi.org/10.53070/bbd.2031016.
EndNote
Darzi MH (02 Kasım 2026) Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety. Computer Science 2026
IEEE
[1]M. H. Darzi, “Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety”, JCS, sy 2026, Kas. 2026, doi: 10.53070/bbd.2031016.
ISNAD
Darzi, Mohammad Hossein. “Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety”. Computer Science. 2026 (02 Kasım 2026). https://doi.org/10.53070/bbd.2031016.
JAMA
1.Darzi MH. Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety. JCS. 2026. doi:10.53070/bbd.2031016.
MLA
Darzi, Mohammad Hossein. “Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety”. Computer Science, sy 2026, Kasım 2026, doi:10.53070/bbd.2031016.
Vancouver
1.Mohammad Hossein Darzi. Conceptual Design of an Intelligent IoT-Based System for RealTime Monitoring of Underground Mine Workers’ Vital Signs and Safety. JCS. 02 Kasım 2026;(2026). doi:10.53070/bbd.2031016

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