Nakil Sırasında Tavukların Korunmasına İlişkin Avrupa Birliği Standartları ve Türkiye'nin Topluluk Mevzuatına Uyumunun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amsterdam Antlaşmasına göre Avrupa Birliği ve üye devletler hayvanları hissedebilen canlılar olarak tanımaktadır. Birlik mevzuatının hazırlanması ve uygulanmasında hayvan refahı tam olarak göz önünde tutulmaktadır. Ortak Tarım Politikasının 2003 yılı reformu ile hayvan refahı toplumsal bir hedef ve piyasa ve kalite odaklı tarımsal üretim politikasının başlıca stratejilerinden birisi haline gelmiştir. Son 40 yıl içinde Avrupa Birliği’nde hayvan refahı bir öncelik haline gelmiş ve hayvan refahı mevzuatı sürekli olarak geliştirilmiştir. Üye ülkeler ve üçüncü taraf ülkeler arasında hayvanların taşınmasını gerektiren canlı hayvan ticareti nakil sırasında düşük hayvan refahına bağlı ekonomik kayıpların da artmasına yol açmaktadır. Ulusal ve uluslararası ticaret için en fazla uyum probleminin gerçekleştiği canlı hayvan nakli verimliliği oldukça fazla etkilemektedir. Nakil, tüm çiftlik hayvanları için önemli bir stres faktörü olsa da; tavuklar nakil sırasındaki düşük refah koşullarından daha fazla olumsuz etkilenir. Nitekim son yıllarda Avrupa Birliği'nde nakil sırasında tavukların refah ihtiyaçlarını da içeren kümes hayvanı nakil rehberleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, Avrupa Birliği'nde nakil sırasında tavukların korunmasına yönelik refah standartlarının kapsamlı bir özetini sunmak ve tam üyelik için aday olan Türkiye'nin ilgili Birlik mevzuatına uyum durumunu değerlendirmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği,refah standartları,tavuk nakli,Türkiye’nin uyumu

European Union Standarts for Protection of Chickens During Transport and Evaluation of the Alignment of Turkey to Community Legislation

Öz

According to the Amsterdam Treaty, the European Union and its Member States recognize animals as sensient beings and the animal welfare is fully taken into consideration the preparation and implementation of legislation of the European Communities. With the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2003, animal welfare has become a social goal and become one of the main strategies of agricultural production policy with market and quality oriented. Animal welfare has become a priority for the European Union and animal welfare legislation has been continuously developed during last 40 years. The livestock trade, which requires the transport of animals between member countries and third countries, also leads to an increase in economic losses due to low animal welfare during transport. Livestock transportation where the most harmonization problem is realized for national and international trade is very influential on productivity. Although transport is a significant stress factor for all animals, broiler chickens and laying hens are very negatively affected by poor welfare conditions during transport. Thusly the poultry transport guides including the welfare needs of the chickens during transportation have been developed in the European Union in recent years. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of welfare standards for the protection of chickens during transport in the European Union and evaluation of the alignment of Turkey to Community legislation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Union,welfare standards,chicken transport,alignment of Turkey

Kaynakça

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