Rasyona Lavanta Esansiyel Yağı İlavesinin Yumurtlayan Bıldırcınlarda Performans, Yumurta Kalitesi ve Serum Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma rasyona farklı seviyelerde ilave edilen lavanta esansiyel yağının yumurta dönemindeki Japon bıldırcınlarında (Coturnix Japonica) performans, yumurta kalitesi ve serum parametreleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada rasyona 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 ve 400 mg/kg seviyelerinde lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesinin oluşturduğu, her birinde beş dişi bıldırcın bulunan beş tekerrürlü altı muamele grubunda yürütülmüştür. Sekiz haftalık yaşta toplam 150 adet dişi bıldırcına yem ve su 12 hafta boyunca ad-libitum olarak verilmiştir. Rasyon lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesinin performans parametrelerinde yumurta verimine (P<0.01), yumurta ağırlığına (P<0.05), yumurta kitlesine (P<0.05) ve yem tüketimine (P<0.05) etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli olurken, canlı ağırlık ve yem değerlendirmede ise önemli bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Kırık yumurta oranı, kabuk kırılma direnci ve kabuk ağırlığı rasyona lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesinden etkilenmezken (P>0.05), rasyona 200 ve 400 mg/kg seviyelerinde lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesi ile yumurta kabuk kalınlığı önemli derecede artmıştır (P<0.01). Yumurta iç kalitesi parametreleri rasyona lavanta yağı ilavesinden etkilenmemiştir (P>0.05). Rasyona lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesi serum biyokimyasal parametrelerinde sadece HDL seviyesini önemli derecede etkilemiş (P<0.01) ve serum HDL seviyesi rasyona 200 ve 400 mg/kg seviyelerinde lavanta esansiyel yağı ilavesi ile önemli derecede artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yumurtlayan bıldırcınlarda rasyona lavanta esansiyel yağının 100 mg/kg seviyesinde ilavesi ile kabuk kalınlığının ve 200 mg/kg seviyesinde ilavesi ile de serum HDL seviyesinin iyileşmesinde etkili olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lavanta esansiyel yağı
• bıldırcın
• performans
• yumurta kalitesi
• HDL

Effect of Supplementation of Lavender Essential Oil to the Diet on Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Parameters in Laying Quails

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the effect of lavender essential oil added at different levels to the diet on performance, egg quality and serum parameters in laying period of Japanese quails (Coturnix Japonica). The study was conducted in six treatment groups with five replications, each consisting of five female quails, with the addition of lavender essential oil at 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg levels to the diets. A total of 150 female quails at the age of eight weeks were given feed and water ad libitum for twelve weeks. While the effect of dietary addition of lavender essential oil on performance parameters on egg production (P<0.01), egg weight (P<0.05), egg mass (P<0.05) and feed intake (P<0.05) was statistically significant, but this effect was not significant in body weight and feed conversion ratio (P>0.05). While the fractured egg ratio, eggshell breaking strength and eggshell weight were not affected by the addition of lavender essential oil to the diets (P>0.05), the eggshell thickness increased significantly with the addition of lavender essential oil at levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg (P<0.01). Egg internal quality parameters were not affected by the addition of lavender oil to the diet (P>0.05). Addition of lavender essential oil to the diet significantly affected HDL level among serum biochemical parameters (P<0.01), and serum HDL level increased significantly with the addition of lavender essential oil at levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg to the diet. In conclusion, it can be said that the addition of lavender essential oil at the level of 100 mg/kg to the diet is effective on better of eggshell thickness and the addition of this essential oil at the 200 mg/kg level is improve serum HDL in layer quails.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lavender essential oil
• quail
• performance
• egg quality
• HDL

Kaynakça

1. Adaszynska-Skwirzynska, M., Swarcewicz, M., Dobrowolska, A. (2014). The potential of use lavender from vegetable waste as effective antibacterial and sedative agents. Medicinal Chemistry, 4(11), 734-737. DOI: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000222.
2. Adaszynska‐Skwirzynska, M., Szczerbinska, D. (2018). The antimicrobial activity of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and its influence on the production performance of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(4), 1020-1025.
3. Amad, A. A., Manner, K., Wendler, K. R., Neumann, K., Zentek, J. (2011). Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 90(12), 2811–2816.
4. Barbarestani, S. Y., Jazi, V., Mohebodini, H., Ashayerizadeh, A., Shabani, A., Toghyani, M. (2020). Effects of dietary lavender essential oil on growth performance, intestinal function, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Livestock Science, 233: 103958.
5. Bento, M. H. L., Ouwehand, A. C., Tiihonen, K., vd. (2013). Essential oils and their use in animal feeds for monogastric animals - Effects on feed quality, gut microbiota, growth performance and food safety: A review. Veterinarni Medicina, 58(9), 449-458.
6. Carrasco, A., Tomas, V., Tudela, J., Miguel, M. G. (2016). Comparative study of GC-MS characterization, antioxidant activity and hyaluronidase inhibition of different species of Lavandula and Thymus essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 31(1), 57-69.
7. de Rapper, S., Viljoen, A., van Vuuren, S. (2016). The in vitro antimicrobial effects of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil in combination with conventional antimicrobial agents. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Article ID: 2752739.
8. Duncan, D. B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F-Test. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.

9. Hassan, M. A., Yusuf, M. S., vd. (2015). Evaluation of essential oil mixture overuse on gut health and some immune parameters in laying Japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica). International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 89(3), 14-22.
10. Haugh, R. R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. United States Egg and Poultry Magazine, 43: 522-555.
11. ISO 3515, (2002). Oil of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.).
12. Kara, N., Baydar, H. (2013). Determination of lavender and lavandin cultivars (Lavandula sp.) containing high quality essential oil in Isparta, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18(1), 58-65.
13. Küçükyılmaz, K., Kıyma, Z., Akdağ, A., Çetinkaya, M., vd. (2017). Effect of lavender (Lavandula stoechas) essential oil on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and antioxidant status of broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 47(2), 178-186. Laghouati, O., Arbouche, F., Arbouche, Y. (2020). Effects of using essential oil of Lavandula stoechas in quail feed on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status. Veterinary World, 13(4), 789-795. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.789-795.
14. Lis-Balchin, M. (2002). New research into lavandula species, hybrids and cultivars. (Hardman, R. Ed). In lavander the genus lavanda, 206-213, Taylor & Francis: London, UK.
15. Mokhtari, S., Rahati, M., Seidavi, A., vd (2018). Effects of feed supplementation with lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essence on growth performance, carcass traits, blood constituents and caecal microbiota of broiler chickens. European Poultry Science, 82, 1-11.
16. Mountzouris, K. C., Paraskevas, V., Tsirtsikos, P., Palamidi, I., Steiner, T., Schatzmayr, G., Fegeros, K. (2011). Assessment of a phytogenic feed additive effect on broiler growth performance, nutrient digestibility and caecal microflora composition. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168(3-4), 223-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.03.020.
17. NRC, (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th revised Edition. National Academy Press. Washington, DC.
18. Olgun, O., Yıldız, A. Ö. (2014). Effect of dietary supplementation of essential oils mixture on performance, eggshell quality, hatchability, and mineral excretion in quail breeders. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21: 13434–13439. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3285-x.
19. Salari, S., Taki, A., Bojarpour, M., Sari, M., Taghizadeh, M. (2014). Effect of different levels of lavandula stoechas essence on production performance and egg quality of laying hens. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Animal Science. 23-25 September 2014, 295-299. Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.
20. Salarmoini, M., Salajegheh, A., Salajegheh, M. H., Afsharmanesh, M. (2019). The effect of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) extract in comparison to antibiotic on growth performance, intestinal morphology, ileal microflora, antioxidant status and meat quality of broilers. IJAAS, 9(4), 717-725.
21. SPSS, (2016). IBM Corp. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, 24.0; IBM Corp: Armonk, NY, USA.
22. Taki, A., Salari, S., Boujarpour, M., vd. (2015). Effects of feeding various levels of Lavandula stoechas essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of egg, some blood parameters, and morphological changes of ovary in laying hens. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 11(1), 43-55.
23. Torki, M., Mohebbifar, A., Mohammadi, H. (2021). Effects of supplementing hen diet with Lavandula angustifolia and/or Mentha spicata essential oils on production performance, egg quality and blood variables of laying hens. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 7(1), 184-193. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.343.