Patriarchy, Institutional Religion, and Other Beliefs: Analyzing Religious Stories of the Witch of Endor and Jezebel

Yıl 2023, Sayı: Özel Sayı, 172 - 187, 28.02.2023

Efe Elmas

Öz

The patriarchal order has created the concept of institutional (organized) religion as opposed to individual religious experience. Institutional or organized religion is a hierarchical religious structure whose principles are determined the same for everyone and which has classes, temples, and rules of worship. One of the most powerful manifestations of patriarchy is the religious struggle shaped over the conflict of an authoritarian and institutional religion and beliefs attributed as the other. With the emergence and strengthening of the Abrahamic religions and gaining an institutional character, animistic beliefs, witchcraft and pagan beliefs began to be described as evil, evil and sinful.
Anecdote of the witch of Endor and King Saul in the Bible (1 Samuel 28:3-25) and the struggle of Jezebel as a “deceiver woman” and Elijah the prophet will be discussed as an example within the scope of this article. The Witch of Endor and Jezebel narratives represent Canaanite beliefs (Paganism) and provide an example of the struggle between existing institutionalized religion and other faith. Witchcraft powers, the ability to conjure (necromancy) spirits means to have to powers of God and according to institutional religions, these powers are defying God. This clearly means penalizing magical practices in geographies where institutional religion is dominant. In the article, the religious narratives about the Witch of Endor and Jezebel will be interpreted with a hermeneutic approach and the allegorical narratives and symbols in the stories will be resolved within the context of belief, gender and race conflicts. Mythological narratives belonging to witchcraft and Canaanite Paganism will also be handled in an allegorical analysis, and the reasons for the attitude of institutional religion to other faiths will be sought and discussed in these examples.

Anahtar Kelimeler

witch of endor, jezebel, Institutional Religion, Patriarchy, witchcraft, women studies

Ataerki, Kurumsal Din ve Öteki İnançlar: Endor Cadısı ve Jezebel’e Dair Dini Hikayelerin Çözümlenmesi

Öz

Ataerkil düzen, bireysel dini deneyimin karşısına kurumsal (organize) din kavramını yaratmıştır. Kurumsal veya diğer ismiyle organize din, hiyerarşik, ilkeleri herkes için aynı şekilde belirlenmiş ve sınıfları, tapınakları, ibadet kuralları olan dinsel yapılanmadır .Ataerkinin en güçlü dışavurumlarından biri de, otoriter ve dolayısıyla kurumsal bir din ile öteki olarak atfedilen inançların çatışması üzerine şekillenen dinsel mücadeledir. İbrahimi dinlerin ortaya çıkışı ve güçlenip, kurumsal bir nitelik kazanmasıyla birlikte, animistik inançlar, cadılık ve pagan inançlar şeytani, kötü ve günahkar olarak nitelendirilmeye başlanmış ve denetlemeye tabi olmuştur. Kitab-ı Mukaddes’te (1. Samuel 28:3-25) Endor cadısı ve Kral Saul’ın anektodu “yoldan çıkaran kadın” olarak Jezebel ile İlyas peygamberin mücadelesi bu makale kapsamında örnek olarak ele alınacaktır. Endor Cadısı ve Jezebel anlatıları, kenan inançlarını (Paganizmini) temsil etmektedir ve mevcut kurumsallaşan din ile öteki inanç arasındaki mücadelenin bir örneğini ortaya koymaktadırlar. Cadılık güçleri, ruh çağırabilme imkanı kurumsal din nezdinde Tanrı’ya karşı gelmektir ve Tanrı’nın güçlerine sahip olmak anlamına gelmektedir. Bu da açık bir şekilde kurumsal dinin baskın olduğu coğrafyalarda büyüsel pratiklerin cezalandırılması anlamına gelmektedir.
Makalede Endor Cadısı ve Jezebel'e dair dini anlatılar, hermeneutik bir yaklaşımla yorumlanacak ve hikayelerin içinde taşıdığı alegorik anlatım ve simgeler inanç, cinsiyet ve ırk çatışmalarının kapsamında çözümlenecektir. Cadılığa ve kenan Paganizme ait mitolojik anlatılar da alegorik çözümlenme içinde ele alınacak ve kurumsal dinin öteki inanca karşı tutumunun sebebleri bu örneklerde aranacak ve tartışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

endor cadısı, jezebel, kurumsal din, cadılık, Ataerki, kadın çalışmaları

Kaynakça

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