METAVERSE’ÜN HUKUK SİSTEMLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MUHTEMEL ETKİLERİ VE GLOBAL METAVERSE PAZARI

Yıl 2022, , 197 - 208, 31.12.2022

Gökçen Yücel , Mustafa Aykut

https://doi.org/10.54860/beyder.1203513

Öz

Metaverse kelime olarak öte-evren anlamına gelmektedir. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler internette web 1.0’dan web 4.0’a doğru evrimini sürdürürken içinde bulunduğumuz gerçek dünyanın sınırlarını ortadan kaldıran ve bireyler ne zaman, nerede, nasıl ve kim olmak istiyorsa buna olanak veren sanal bir dünyanın kapıları Metaverse ile aralanmıştır. Söz konusu sanal dünya içerisinde çalışılabilmekte, ticaret yapılabilmekte ve sosyal aktiviteler gerçekleştirilebilmekte, fiziki dünyada yapılan hemen her şey simülasyon yöntemleriyle taklit edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle web 1.0’dan web 4.0’a farklı aşamalardan geçen internetin son otuz yıldaki gelişimi sonucunda ortaya çıkan Metaverse’ün insanlara vaat ettikleri, Metaverse’te hukuki kişilik kavramı, vergilendirme, iş hukuku, hukuki ve cezai uyuşmazlıklar incelenecektir. Geçmiş tecrübeler göstermektedir ki; hukuk doğası gereği teknolojik gelişmeleri takip etmek suretiyle teknolojinin sosyal yaşamda sebep olduğu yıkıcı etkileri sınırlandırmak ve oluşabilecek muhtemel boşlukları doldurmak üzere değişime uğramaktadır. Bu çalışma içerisinde de yıkıcı bir teknoloji olan Metaverse’ün günümüz hukuk sistemleri üzerinde ortaya çıkartabileceği muhtemel değişimler inceleme konusu yapılmaktadır. Son olarak global Metaverse pazarından büyük payı alması beklenen ülkelerin hangileri olacağı ve bu ülkeler ile teknoloji devi şirketlerin karşısında yer alan diğer ülkelerin alabileceği teknik ve hukuki tedbirler hususunda değerlendirmelerde bulunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metaverse, Web 4.0, NFT, Hukuki Kişilik, Elektronik Kişi, Vergilendirme, İş Hukuku, Hukuki Uyuşmazlık, Cezai Uyuşmazlık, Sanal Mahkeme, Sanal Savcılık, Metaverse Pazarı

POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF METAVERSE ON LEGAL SYSTEMS AND THE GLOBAL METAVERSE MARKET

Öz

Metaverse literally means beyond-universe. As developments in information and communication technologies continue to evolve from web 1.0 to web 4.0 through different phases on the Internet, the doors of a virtual world that removes the boundaries of the real world we live in and allows individuals to be whenever, wherever, how and whoever they want have been opened with the Metaverse. It is possible to work, trade and perform social activities in this virtual world and almost everything done in the physical world can be emulated by simulation methods. In this study, first of all, what Metaverse that emerged as a result of the development of the Internet from web 1.0 to web 4.0 in the last thirty years promises to people, the concept of legal personality in Metaverse, taxation, labor law, legal and criminal disputes will be examined. Past experiences show that; law, by its nature, undergoes changes in order to limit the destructive effects of technology in social life and to fill the possible gaps by following the technological developments. In this study, the possible changes that the Metaverse, which is a destructive technology, can reveal on today's legal systems are examined. Finally, evaluations are made about which countries are expected to take a large share from the global Metaverse market. In addition, technical and legal measures that other countries can take against these countries and technology giant companies are evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Web 4.0, Metaverse, NFT, Legal Person, Electronic Person, Taxation, Labor Law, Legal Dispute, Criminal Dispute, Virtual Court, Virtual Prosecutor's Office, Metaverse Market

Kaynakça

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