ENDONEZYA’DA İSLAMİ FİNANS VE İSLAMİ BANKACILIK UYGULAMALARI

Öz

ENDONEZYA’DA İSLAMİ FİNANS VE İSLAMİ BANKACILIK UYGULAMALARI

Doç. Dr. Ayfer Gedikli

Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü,

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Prof. Dr. Seyfettin Erdoğan

Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü,

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ÖZET

Güney Doğu Asya’nın sahiline yakın mesafede bulunan Endonezya, dünyanın en büyük ada ülkesidir. Endonezya, hızla gelişen dinamik ekonomik yapısına ve dünyanın en kalabalık müslüman nüfusu barındıran ülkesi olmasına karşın, küresel İslami finans ve katılım bankacılığı sistemi içinde oldukça küçük bir paya sahiptir. Yüksek müslüman nüfusa sahip diğer ülkelerden Malezya ve Suudi Arabistan ile mukayese edildiğinde İslami finans konusunda çok gerilerde olduğunu söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Bunun nedeni sadece İslami finans ve katılım bankacılığında yeterli etkinliğe sahip olmaması değil, aynı zamanda konvansiyonel bankacılık sistemleri ve diğer finansal araçlar konusunda da yeterli derinliğe ve uzmanlaşmaya sahip olmamasıdır. Ekonomi yöneticileri, katılım bankacılığının finansal sistem içerisindeki payının ve etkinliğinin arttırılması hususunda önemli girişimler yapmaktadırlar. 2015 yılında Finansal Hizmetler Kurulu tarafından geliştirilen planda, 2020 yılına kadar katılım bankacılığının payının %5’den %15’e yükseltilmesi hedeflenmektedir.

Bu çalışmada, Endonezya’da İslami finans ve İslami bankacılık açısından ortaya konan performansın genel görünümü değerlendirilecektir. Çalışma üç başlıktan meydana gelmektedir. Birinci başlık altında İslami bankacılığın tarihi gelişimi, ikinci başlık altında, İslami Finansa ilişkin performans, üçüncü başlık altında da, İslami finans ve İslami bankacılık konusunda gözlenen aksaklıklar konusu ele alınıp, alternatif politika önerileri ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.

 

Anahtar kelimeler: Endonezya, İslami Bankacılık, İslami Finans

 

İSLAMİC FINANCE AND PARTICIPATION BANKING IN INDONESIA

Indonesia, as the largest iseland country in the world, is located off the coast of South East Asia. Although Indonesia has a dynamic growing economy and the country has the world’s largest Muslim population, it has a small share in the global İslamic banking industry. Comparing with the other İslamic countries such as Malaysia and Saudi Arabia, Indonesia's İslamic finance industry lag far behind in İslamic banking and İslamic finance. Actually not only İslamic banking structure, but also Indonesia’s local conventional banking system is not deep and sophisticated enough. So, the government has been working on improving İslamic banking to make Indonesia one of the greatest global İslamic banking hub in order not just to be one of the pioneer countries in this sector but also to protect the local economy and banking sector from the negative effects of global financial problems. Accordingly, in 2015, Financial Services Authority of Indonesia launched a 5-year development plan for Participation banking to improve its proportion in whole banking sector from 5% to 15%.

In this study, Islamic finance and Islamic Performance of Indonesia was evaluated. The paper is composed of three parts: In the first part of the study, history of Islamic banking in Indonesia was explained. In the second part, Islamic finance performance of Indonesia was evaluated. And in the third part the problems of Islamic banking and Islamic finance will be handled. And in the final part some alternative policy suggestions will be put forth to overcome these problems.

 

Key words: Indonesia, İslamic Banking, İslamic Finance

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endonezya,İslami Bankacılık,İslami Finans

Kaynakça

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