الرمزية الدينية للمسجد الأقصى ودوره في تحفيز المسلمين على تحرير بيت المقدس من الصليبيين عام 583هـ/1187م

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 393 - 409, 31.12.2021

Nergis Esad Kaddru

https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.971325

Öz

يحتل بيت المقدس مركزاً متميزاً عند المسلمين وأهل الكتاب؛ فهو مكان استقرار للكثير من الأنبياء، أو عبور للكثيرين منهم، كما أنه حظي باهتمام كبير من قبل المسلمين فهو معراج النبي ﷺ إلى السماء، إضافة إلى وجود المسجد الأقصى بما فيه من الجامع الأقصى وقبة الصخرة وغيرهما من الآثار الإسلامية. ونظراً لما حملته هذه المدينة من تلك الدلالات الرمزية العميقة، فقد تعرضت لتهديدات كثيرة عبر مراحل تاريخها، مما دفع بالمسلمين للدفاع عن مقدساتها التي تخص جميع الحضارات، وخاصة بعد تعرضها لهجمات الصليبيين الذين دنسوها، وعملوا على تغيير ملامحها، دون احترام قدسيتها لدى جميع الديانات. تأتي أهمية هذه الدراسة من كونها ستلقي الضوء على هذه الأماكن المقدسة، وكيف تعامل المسلمون مع أصحاب الديانات المختلفة، وحفظوا لهم آثارهم المقدسة واحترموها، ثم المقارنة ما بينهم وبين الصليبيين، الذي اغتصبوا الأرض ولم يحترموا مقدسات هذه المدينة التي كانت مميزة لدى جميع الأديان، وفي نهاية البحث تم مناقشة كيف نجح المسلمون بقيادة صلاح الدين بتحرير هذه الأرض.

Anahtar Kelimeler

القدس, الصليبيين, المسجد الأقصى, قبة الصخرة, صلاح الدين, بيت المقدس

Beytülmakdis’in Haçlılardan Kurtarılmasında Mescid-I Aksa’nın Önemi ve Müslümanları Motive Etmedeki Rolü (M. 1187-H. 583)

Öz

Beytülmakdis, Müslümanlar ve ehl-i kitap arasında, peygamberler yurdu olması nedeniyle seçkin bir konuma sahiptir. Dünyanın ikinci mescidi olan Mescid-i Aksa ve Hz. Peygamberin mucizevi Gece Yolculuğunun varış yeri olan Kudüs, tarihi boyunca pek çok tehdide maruz kalmıştır. Bu makale, Müslümanların, farklı dinlere mensup insanlara, Kudüs’teki diğer dinlere mahsus yapılara ve onları nasıl koruduklarına odaklanmaktadır. Daha sonra Haçlıların Kudüs’ü zapt etmelerinin ve burada nasıl davrandıklarının karşılaştırmalı bir analizi yapılmıştır. Son olarak, Selahaddin liderliğindeki Müslümanların Beytülmakdis'i özgürleştirmede ve kutsallığını yeniden tesis etmedeki icraatları irdelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kudüs, Haçlılar, Mescid-i Aksa, Kubbetüssahra, Selahaddin Eyyubi, Beytülmakdis

The Religious Symbolism of Al-Aqsa Mosque and its role in Motivating Muslims to Liberate Bayt al-Maqdis from the Crusaders

Öz

Bayt al-Maqdis occupies a distinguished position amongst Muslims and the People of the Book, as it is the abode of prophets that many have settled or passed through. Its most important position is its holiness to Muslims as it houses al-Aqsa Mosque (with its Dome of the Rock and al-Jami al-Aqsa) - the second mosque on earth - and was the first Qiblah of Prophet Muhammad, as well as the destination of his miraculous Night Journey and the site of his Ascension to the heavens. Al-Aqsa Mosque has deep symbolic significance for this holy city, which has been exposed to many threats in its history, prompting Muslims to defend its holy places, especially after the Crusaders attacks who violated its sanctity and worked to change its features without respecting its holiness to other religions. This paper focuses on these holy places and how Muslims dealt with the people of different religions, and preserved and respected their sacred sites. It then compares how the holy places were treated by the Muslims and the Crusaders. Finally, it concludes with the success of Muslims, led by Salah al-Din, in liberating Bayt al-Maqdis and reinstating its sanctity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jerusalem, Crusades, Al-Aqsa Mosque, Dome of the Rock, Salah al-Din., Bayt al-Maqdis

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