Effective Contamination Agent For Tissue Culture Applications of Bacopa monnieri

Öz

Biocides and plant protection products have been used in plant tissue culture sterilization procedures since they have broad spectrum, are inexpensive and resistant to autoclave process. This study was conducted to determine the effects of contamination agents on tissue culture applications. MS medium was supplied with 0.5mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid. PPM and Contaminacide and their three dosages (0, 3 and 6 ml/L) were used for maintaining tissue culture aseptic conditions. Contamination rate and plant growth parameters were subjected. after lids remained open for three days in Bacopa monnieri micropropagation conditions. Although preservation-free and 3mlL-1 PPM-added media were contaminated, contamination did not occur in all dosages of Contaminacide and 6 ml/L PPM. In conclusion 3ml/L Contaminacide added media were superior in terms of contamination rate and plant height, fresh and dry weight (LSD;p<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sterilization
• micropropagation
• fungi
• bacteria
• PPM
• Contaminacide

Kaynakça

1. Agrios, G. N., (1990). Plant Pathology, Academic Press, London, U.K.
2. Ahloowalia, B. S., Prakash, J., Savangikar, V. A., Savangikar, C. (2004). Plant tissue culture. Low cost options for tissue culture technology in developing countries, 3-10, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
3. Bhandari, P., Kumar, N., Singh, B., Kaul, V. K., (2007). Cucurbitacins from Bacopa monnieri. Phytochemistry, 68(9), 1248-1254.
4. Boxus, P. H., Terzi, J. M., (1987). Big losses due to bacterial contamination can be avoided in mass propagation scheme. Acta Horticulturae 212: 91-93.
5. Chakravarty, A.K., Sarkar, T., Nakane, T., Kawahara, N., Masuda, K., (2002). New phenylethanoid glycosides from Bacopa monnieri. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50(12), 1616-1618.
6. Chanh, T. T., Huy, N. T., Ha, N. T., Le, K., Hoang, N. H., (2023). Effects of plant preservative mixture™ on In vitro germination of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.f. and its application in orchid conservation. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology, 50:108-114.
7. Compton, M. E., Koch, J. M., (2001). Influence of plant preservative mixture (PPM)TM on adventitious organogenesis in melon, petunia, and tobacco In vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 37, 259-261.
8. Digonzelli, P., Diaz, L., Carrizo De Bellone, S., (2005). Use of PPM (Plant Preservative Mixture) to control bacterial contaminants in the multiplication In vitro of sugarcane. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, 22(1): 23-33. ISSN 0378-7818.

9. George, M. W., Tripepi, R. R., (2001). Plant Preservative Mixture™ Can Affect Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Chrysanthemum, European Birch, and Rhododendron. Plant Science Division, Department of Plant, Soils and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Hortscience, 36(4): 768-769.
10. Hanif, Z., (2021). Analysis of bacterial loads in Houston indoor air thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree in the Graduate School of Texas Southern University B.S, M.S. Texas Southern University.
11. Kowalik, M., Grodek, M., (2002). Effect of Fungicides on the Growth of Fungi Isolated from In vitro Propagated Fruit-Bearing Plants Plant Protection Science, 38(Special Issue 2): 329–331.
12. Kushnarenko, S., Aralbayeva, M., Rymkhanova, N., Reed, B. M., (2022). Initiation pretreatment with Plant Preservative Mixture™ increases the percentage of aseptic walnut shoots. In vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant Tissue Culture, 58, 964–971.
13. Ledo, A. de S., Amaral, A. L. do., Jenderek, M. M., Harrison, M., Manter, D. K., (2019). Sterilization procedures and Plant Preservative Mixture on In vitro establishment of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Plant Cell Culture & Micropropagation, 15(2): 27-32.
14. Leifert, C., Morris, C. E., Waites, W. M., (2014). Ecology of Microbial Saprophytes and Pathogens in Tissue Culture and Field-Grown Plants: Reasons for Contamination Problems In vitro. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 13(2): 139-183. Leifert, C., Waites, W. M., Camotta, H., and Nicholas, J. R., (1989b. Lactobacillus plantarum, a deleterious contaminant of plant tissue culture. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 67: 363-370.
15. Miyazaki, J., Tan, B. H., Errington, S. G., (2010). Eradication of endophytic bacteria via treatment for axillary buds of Petunia hybrida using Plant Preservative Mixture (PPMTM). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 102, 365–372.
16. Mukherjee, S, Dugad, S, Bhandare. R, Pawar, N., Jagtap, S., Pawar, P. K., Kulkarni, O., (2011). Evaluation of comparative free-radical quenching potential of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) and Mandookparni (Centella asiatica). An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda, 32, 258–264.
17. Murashige, T., Skoog, F., (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15: 473–497.
18. Rauf, K., Subhan, F., Al-Othman, A., Khan, I., Zarrelli, A., Shah, M., (2013). Pre-clinical profile of bacopasides from Bacopa monnieri (BM) as an emerging class of therapeutics for management of chronic pains. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 20(8): 1028-1037.
19. Reddy, J., Ramesh, B. S., Praveena, V., Noronha, S., Nayak, S. P., Beena N., (2021). The Fungal and Bacterial Contaminations In Plant Tissue Culture Growth Media. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 12, 1.
20. Saraf, M. K, Prabhakar, S, Khanduja, K. L, Anand, A., (2011). Bacopa monnieri attenuates scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial memory in mice. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 236186.
21. SAS Institute, (1999). SAS V8 User Manual, Cary, NC.
22. Thomas, P., Agrawal, M., Bharathkumar, C. B., (2017). Use of Plant Preservative Mixture™ for establishing In vitro cultures from field plants: Experience with papaya reveals several PPM™ tolerant endophytic bacteria. Plant Cell Rep., 36(11): 1717-1730.
23. Xu, D., Xue M., Shen Z., Jia X., Hou X., Lai D., Zhou, L., (2021). Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi. Toxins (Basel), 13(4): 1-65.