Öz
Civilization is a social phenomenon which has been transferred from generation to generation and aims to clarify the truths, protect a certain society and aimes the civilized life style and the relationship dimension of society with human being.
Islam is a universal religion. The Islamic conquests have been caused the expansion of the Islamic realm for the servitude the of Allah and to achieve peace in the world. For this supreme purpose islamic invitation started from Arabian peninsula to the four corners of the World.
Language and culture have their effect on everywhere and no matter who they are. For this reason, by the emergence and conquests of Islam, Arabic language has effected other languages as well as Persian language. Similarly, we witness that Arabic language has also been effected by the Persian language. Namely; The role of Persians and Persian speakers in carrying the burden of the Dawa; They undertook the stage from teaching to giving works and classifying in the Arabic language together with the Arabs. The Arabic language is the language of a heavenly religion, and it deserves to have a place with great care among Muslims. We never forget that the Arabic language is an occasion to understand religion and the purposes of religion. Since Arabic language is and the manifestation of belief and religiousness, so what reason can be for this language to not be that much effective? Because of this, people took care of learning Arabic and taking care of it.
As we have significant evidence, the purpose of the preparation of this article is to shed light on revealing the force limit of interaction and revealing the influence of the Arabic language on Persian and vice versa. It is also to shed light on the centuries of social and cultural relationship, and especially the depth of this relationship between the owners of both Persian and Arabic-speaking languages throughout Islamic history. This relationship also sheds light on the Quran the language of religion, sunnah (tradation), and other knoledge in the Islamic world, caused a reaction in the Persians other than the Arabs in accepting the Arabic language.
Based on this research, we have touched on the diligent work of Persians and Persian language speakers that they really made a big contribution by the using of many styles for copyrighting, work, and translation. In particular, it is appropriate to mention their copywrighting, monument writing, and explaination of sunnah and hadith in persian language. Role of the Persian language and the works of Persian scholars, writers and scientists on hadith or sunnah are valuable. In fact, the mention of this issue is the reflection of the effects of the wings against the historical dual. Although Arabic is the religion’ rich language, it is not the only language. Maybe Persian also continued as the living language of the environment with Arabic. Because Persian with its deepseated and strong history preserved itself throughout history. In Arabic and Persian, especially in the Islamic period, it is observed that the wealth of Arabic has increased with the transfer of words from Arabic to Persian beyond the ground of both language and cultural interaction. The Persian language is based on rich productive resource works in scientific fields. By comming of the process that started from the period of the Prophet (PBUH) to the Abbasid period, the influence of Persian culture is understood more effectively and clearly. Then it continued in that sense during the Seljuk empire period. As the heir of the Seljuk empire the Ottoman caliphet, we have been witnessing in the libraries the datas produced in the literary and poetry world in an effective way. Although Persian is one of the three indispensable languages in the Ottoman state, later on, during the 16th century translation movement, especially Mevlana’ Mesnevi increased the interest. Indeed, Persian is defined as the transmitter of the second Islamic education and cultural existence of the Far East, Turkish lands and India. The Turkish state has included Persian as the official language wherever it was founded. The number of academic works in persian language in the field of knowledge of Hadith is interesting. The Persian works written in the soil of India in the recent period have a significant and academic role. The conquerors of India interpreted and translated the hadith knowledge in Arabic and Persian languages in the 10th and 11th centuries during the Ghaznavids period. By the 12th century, Persian has become more common. In the period of Babur Temuri, Persian became the official language of the state. According to historical informations, while Turkish was the language of heads of state, Persian was known as the official language of the state and Arabic was the language of religion. It is also important to introduce Persian hadith works written in this period and after. Contemporary Persian hadith studies are rapidly on the agenda, whether at universities or on sites. We briefly informed about them. No wonder most of the writers of sunnah and language resources in the classical period were persians. This is exactly what the Prophet was talking about by putting his hand on the shoulder of Salman Farsi ans said: "Soon that will come out of these people that even if iman be in surayya star they will catch up it."
Likewise, the role of education on this subject is the perfection, the maturity of the invitation to Islam, and the reaching of the Arabic language and manners all over the Islamic world. Undoubtedly, Persian played a significant role in the transfer of Islamic culture on the eastern front. academic assets in Turkish lands and in the India geography are especially valuable. In summary, let us add that cultural and academic assets in Persian language constitute a large scale and basic structure in the Ottoman Empire. Therefore, it is the debt of those who pay attention to history for their transfer, which is to reflect the necessary focuses to our current life for educational and cultural purposes. It is very important for everyone to contribute to these scientific heritages within the framework of the possibilities.
In the presentation of this article; we will try to use reliable texts, qualitative and analytical methods, and methods that enable this issue to be criticized from different directions.